Quantitative reconstruction of lake conductivity in the Quaternary of the Near East (Israel) using ostracods |
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| Authors: | Steffen Mischke Ahuva Almogi-Labin Reuven Ortal Arik Rosenfeld Markus J Schwab Ian Boomer |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Geological Sciences,Freie Universit?t Berlin,Berlin,Germany;2.Geological Survey of Israel,Jerusalem,Israel;3.Nature and National Parks Protection Authority,Jerusalem,Israel;4.Department of Environmental Sciences,Tel-Hai Academic College,Tel Hai,Israel;5.Section?5.2 Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution,GFZ - German Research Centre for Geosciences,Potsdam,Germany;6.Stable Isotope and Luminescence Laboratory,University of Birmingham,Birmingham,UK |
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| Abstract: | Surface sediments, water samples and environmental data from 37 lakes, ponds and streams in Israel were analysed to determine
the main variables controlling ostracod species distributions. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the greatest
amounts of variation in the distribution of the ostracod taxa among the 37 water bodies were explained by the host water δD
value (12.9%), water temperature (11.0%), mean January air temperature (10.5%), electrical conductivity (9.5%), and the Mg
and NO3 concentrations (7.8 and 7.1%, ion concentrations as % of the anions or cations). A supplementary data set comprising ostracod
species composition and electrical conductivity readings for 24 water bodies was available from previous research and was
merged with the 37 samples data set to develop an ostracod-based transfer function for the reconstruction of electrical conductivities.
A weighted averaging partial least squares regression (WA-PLS) provided the best results with a relatively high coefficient
of determination (r
2) between measured and inferred electrical conductivity values of 0.73, a root mean square error of prediction of 0.13 (13.4%
of gradient length) and a maximum bias of 0.24 (23.9% of gradient length), as assessed by leave-one-out cross-validation based
on 56 water bodies. The application of the EC transfer function onto (sub)fossil ostracod assemblages from Holocene and early
to mid Pleistocene lake sediments provided EC values consistent with other proxies and demonstrated that Quaternary ostracod
assemblages from subaqueous sediments can now be used to trace the hydrological history of water bodies in the Near East.
A better understanding of past hydrological conditions in response to the natural climate variability is crucial in regions
that face restricted water resources and rising demands in times of rapid climate and environmental change. |
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