Effect of upstream ponds on stream temperature |
| |
| Authors: | J Ham L Toran J Cruz |
| |
| Institution: | (1) Department of Geology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;(2) Department of Environmental Studies, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;(3) Philadelphia Water Department, Office of Watersheds, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA |
| |
| Abstract: | Many tributaries feeding streams are connected to ponds that heat up during summer months; however, the influence of these ponds on receiving stream temperature was not known. Stream temperature affects microfauna and fish habitats in aquatic ecosystems. Three tributaries with headwater ponds exposed to sunlight and one tributary unassociated with a large, upstream pond were selected for study within the Pennypack Creek watershed in the Philadelphia Metropolitan Area. Temperature loggers were installed in the pond (when applicable), associated tributary, and in the Pennypack Creek up and downstream of its confluence with the tributary. Although diurnal temperature fluctuations were apparent, the study showed no significant differences in temperature up and downstream of tributary discharge to Pennypack Creek. Pond water temperatures were up to 4°C warmer than the Pennypack Creek; however, temperatures downstream and upstream of the tributaries leading out of the ponds were within 1°C of each other. |
| |
| Keywords: | Aquatic habitat Headwater ponds Loggers Shading Streams Water temperature Urban hydrology Pennsylvania |
| 本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录！ |
|
