Seismic return motion |
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| Authors: | Masayuki Kikuchi Yoshio Fukao |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics, Yokohama City University, Mutsuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama Japan;2. Department of Earth Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya Japan |
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| Abstract: | Possibilities of backswing of fault displacement are investigated on the basis of a simple crack model. Although it has been suggested that the backswing would not occur in real earthquakes because of friction, there is evidence that some earthquakes might have caused return motion “locally” on the fault surface. This paper attempts to derive conditions for such local return motion. Spatial extension of the crack beyond the stress-filled region into the stress-deficient region gives a favorable site for the return motion, the site being just outside the stress-filled region. In our model the return motion occurs at this site when the frictional stress is less than about 30% of the regional stress in the stress-filled region. The overall return motion, on the other hand, would not occur unless the frictional stress is less than 10% of the regional stress. |
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