Photocatalytic splitting of seawater effected by (Ni–ZnO)@C nanoreactors |
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| Authors: | T-C Yang F-C Chang H Paul Wang Y-L Wei C-J Jou |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;2. The Experimental Forest, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Nan-Tou 557, Taiwan;3. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan;4. Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Novel photocatalysts i.e., metallic nickel and zinc oxide nanoparticles embedded in the carbon-shell ((Ni–ZnO)@C) have been used for photocatalytic splitting of seawater to generate H2. The (Ni–ZnO)@C core–shell nanoparticles having the Zn/Ni ratios of 0–3 were prepared by carbonization of Ni2+- and Zn2+-β-cyclodextrin at 673 K for 2 h. To increase the collision frequency of water and photoactive sites within the carbon-shell, Ni and ZnO are partially etched from the (Ni–ZnO)@C core–shell to form yolk–shell nanoparticles with a H2SO4 solution (2 N). By X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, mainly Ni and ZnO crystallites are observed in the core– and yolk–shell nanoparticles. The sizes of the Ni and ZnO in the (Ni–ZnO)@C nanoreactors are between 7 and 23 nm in diameters determined by TEM and small angel scattering spectroscopy. Under a 5-h UV–Vis light irradiation, 5.01 μmol/hgcat of H2 are yielded from photocatalytic splitting of seawater effected by (Ni–ZnO)@C nanoreactors. |
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| Keywords: | Core&ndash shell Yolk&ndash shell Nanoreactors H2 fuel Seawater Photocatalysis |
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