| 不同饵料对植食性海水鱼——黄斑蓝子鱼的内脏器官特性及消化酶活性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢帝芝,徐树德,吴清洋,陈芳,王树启,游翠红,李远友.不同饵料对植食性海水鱼——黄斑蓝子鱼的内脏器官特性及消化酶活性的影响[J].海洋学报(英文版),2018,37(2):85-93. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢帝芝 徐树德 吴清洋 陈芳 王树启 游翠红 李远友 |
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| 作者单位： | 华南农业大学海洋学院, 广东 广州 510642,汕头大学海洋生物研究所, 广东省海洋生物技术重点实验室, 汕头 515063;溢多利生物科技股份有限公司, 珠海 519060,汕头大学海洋生物研究所, 广东省海洋生物技术重点实验室, 汕头 515063,汕头大学海洋生物研究所, 广东省海洋生物技术重点实验室, 汕头 515063,汕头大学海洋生物研究所, 广东省海洋生物技术重点实验室, 汕头 515063,汕头大学海洋生物研究所, 广东省海洋生物技术重点实验室, 汕头 515063,华南农业大学海洋学院, 广东 广州 510642 |
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| 基金项目： | The Major International Joint Research Project from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under contract No. 31110103913; the NSFC Youth Project under contract No. 31602176; China Agriculture Research System under contract No. CARS-47. |
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| 摘 要： | 黄斑蓝子鱼（Siganus canaliculatus）是可养殖的少数植食性海水鱼之一。为进一步了解黄斑蓝子鱼的消化生理特征,以及将海藻更科学地应用于配合饲料中,本研究采用不同类型饵料：冰鲜杂鱼（Raw fish,RF）、配方饲料（Formulated diet,FD）、浒苔（Enteromorpha prolifra,EP）和龙须菜（Gracilaria lemaneiformis,GL）饲喂黄斑篮子鱼8周,分析鱼内脏特征及其消化酶活性的变化情况。研究结果显示：RF组和FD组鱼的肝体比和脏体比,以及EP组和GL组鱼的肠长比（Relative intestine length,RIL）,都显著高于其他组。此外,分析不同处理组鱼的肝和前肠组织形态结构,发现RF组肝细胞核被脂滴挤到细胞边缘,两海藻组前肠黏膜的皱褶程度最高。养殖前三周,鱼的消化酶活性变化波动明显,而之后消化酶活性趋于平稳。消化道的蛋白酶,脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶的水平分别随着日粮中蛋白质,脂肪和碳水化合物水平的变化而变化。虽然,海藻饵料显著降低了黄斑篮子鱼的胃蛋白酶活性,但是提高了机体RIL和前肠黏膜的皱褶程度以弥补其对胃蛋白酶的负面影响。以上结果表明黄斑蓝子鱼的消化系统可较好地适应不同类型的饵料,其适应时间大约为三周。因此,本研究结果也暗示黄斑蓝子鱼也具有一些杂食性鱼类的属性。
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| 关 键 词： | 消化酶 海藻 黄斑蓝子鱼 消化特性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/7/4 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2011/7/19 0:00:00 |
Changes of visceral properties and digestive enzymes in the herbivorous marine teleost Siganus canaliculatus fed on different diets |
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| XIE Dizhi,XU Shude,WU Qingyang,CHEN Fang,WANG Shuqi,YOU Cuihong and LI Yuanyou.Changes of visceral properties and digestive enzymes in the herbivorous marine teleost Siganus canaliculatus fed on different diets[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2018,37(2):85-93. |
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| Authors: | XIE Dizhi XU Shude WU Qingyang CHEN Fang WANG Shuqi YOU Cuihong and LI Yuanyou |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China2.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China;Guangdong VTR Bio-tech Co., Ltd, Zhuhai 519060, China3.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China |
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| Abstract: | The rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus is one of the few cultured herbivorous marine teleosts. To better understand the digestive physiology of this fish and provide data for designing formulated feed using macroalgae as an ingredient, the changes of visceral properties and digestive enzyme activities were investigated after the juveniles were fed on different types of food including raw fish (RF), formulated diet (FD) or macroalgae Enteromorpha prolifra (EP) and Gracilaria lemaneiformis (GL) for eight weeks. The results showed that the hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices in the RF and FD groups, as well as the relative intestine length (RIL) in the EP and GL groups, were significantly higher than those in other groups. Additionally, differences in the histological structure of the liver and anterior intestine were also observed among different dietary groups. The hepatic nuclei were displaced to the periphery by lipid inclusions in fish fed RF. The highest levels of mucosal folds were found in the anterior intestines of fish fed macroalgae. Digestive enzyme activity profiles showed obvious fluctuations in the first three weeks, and then leveled off in the following weeks. The levels of protease, lipase and α-amylase in the alimentary tract showed changes related to the levels of dietary protein, lipid and carbohydrate, respectively. Although macroalgae significantly inhibited the activity of protease in the stomach, it increased RIL and the number of mucosal folds in the anterior intestine so as to compensate for the influences on protease activities in the stomach. This study suggests that the digestive tract of rabbitfish can well adapt to different diets, and needs about three weeks to physiologically acclimatize to the nutritional status, thus implying that rabbitfish are somewhat omnivorous. |
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| Keywords: | digestive enzymes macroalgae Siganus canaliculatus visceral property |
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