Metals in sediments of springs and cave streams as environmental indicators in karst areas |
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| Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">M?GutiérrezEmail author H?Neill R?V?Grand |
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| Institution: | (1) Geography, Geology and Planning Department, Southwest Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave, Springfield, MO 65804, USA;(2) James River Basin Partnership, 205 Park Central East, Suite 200, Springfield, MO 65806, USA;(3) Department of Geology and Geography, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6201, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA |
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| Abstract: | The content of heavy metals and arsenic in sediments of karst streams in southern Missouri was investigated for its potential use as an indicator of pollution. A three-step sequential extraction procedure was utilized for this purpose. The amount of trace elements bound to each extraction phase gives insight of its availability and geochemical dependence. These results were complemented with analyses of correlation and spatial variability. Although sediments collected in this study remained below EPA s critical value guidelines, concentration in the mobile phases and higher normalized Mn values successfully identified sites with concentrations higher than background levels. Correlation among elements was poor in most cases; among the trace metals only Cu and Zn correlated while Pb correlated with Ca, Al, Mn and Fe. Spatial variability analysis confirmed that natural variation among adjacent sediment samples is a common occurrence. The urban spring Ward Branch showed the highest levels of Cr, Zn, Pb and As. |
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| Keywords: | Sequential extraction Sediment Karst Water quality indicator Ozarks Missouri |
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