Large block slide at San Juan Grijalva, Northwest Chiapas, Mexico |
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| Authors: | V??ctor Manuel Hern??ndez-Madrigal Juan Carlos Mora-Chaparro V??ctor Hugo Gardu?o-Monroy |
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| Institution: | (1) Departamento de Geolog?a y Mineralog?a, Instituto de Investigaciones Metal?rgicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol?s de Hidalgo, Planta Alta, Edificio “U2”, C. U., Morelia, Michoac?n, Mexico;(2) Instituto de Geof?sica, Universidad Nacional Aut?noma de M?xico, Mexico City, Mexico |
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| Abstract: | On November 4, 2007, a large block slide occurred on the south face of the Cerro La Pera at San Juan Grijalva (SJG), northwest
Chiapas, Mexico. The SJG landslide has an area of 1.11 km2 and a volume of 50 Mm3, making it one of the largest landslide of its type in the twentieth century. The landslide created a dam over 80 m high
and 1,170 m wide across the Grijalva River, backing up the water and forming a 49 km2 lake. Landslide-generated tsunamis up to 15 m high destroyed the village of SJG, and the newly formed lake flooded 21 villages
located upstream. The landslide killed 16 people and caused around 3,600 to be evacuated with incalculable economic losses.
It was perhaps the most catastrophic landslide in the history of Mexico. The probable trigger of the landslide was cumulative
precipitation of about 67% of the average annual rainfall over the preceding 30 days. The associated potentially causative
factors include a M4.5 earthquake that occurred 5 days before the landslide and a water-level drawdown at the Grijalva River
generated by the release of water from the Pe?itas dam located 14 km downstream. |
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