| 城市热环境调节服务供需失衡关键区识别与优先级划分 |
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| 引用本文： | 辛儒鸿,曾坚,李凯,沈中健.城市热环境调节服务供需失衡关键区识别与优先级划分[J].地理研究,2022,41(11):3124-3142. |
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| 作者姓名： | 辛儒鸿 曾坚 李凯 沈中健 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西南大学园艺园林学院，重庆 4007152.天津大学建筑学院，天津 3001103.哥本哈根大学地理科学与自然资源管理系，哥本哈根 11654.山东大学土建与水利学院，济南 250061 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(52078330);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(SWU-KQ22030) |
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| 摘 要： | 城市热环境效应严重威胁人类生命安全和社会经济的可持续发展，识别热环境调节服务供需失衡关键区对于缓解城市热环境效应至关重要。本文基于环境风险评估框架和环境公平理论，构建了城市热环境调节服务供需评价指标体系与研究框架：选取危险源、暴露度、脆弱性指标，评价城市居民对热环境调节服务的需求水平；选取热环境调节效率指标评价绿色基础设施对热环境调节服务的供给能力；使用供需匹配和优先级指数识别供需失衡关键区，并划分规划干预优先级。结果表明： ① 厦门岛城市热环境危险源、暴露度和脆弱性之间存在明显的空间异质性，3项指标共同决定需求水平，高需求区占比29.13%，并呈现出“全域分散，局部密集”的空间格局特征。② 厦门岛绿色基础设施空间占比集散特征明显，决定了城市热环境调节供给能力分布不均，低值区占比72.9%，且与热环境调节需求水平存在相反的局部空间集聚特征。③ 厦门岛城市热环境调节服务供需关系具有“高供-高需”“低供-高需”“低供-低需”和“高供-低需”4种类型，其中有451个单元处于“低供-高需”失衡状态，面临供不应求的严峻挑战。④ 有84个单元处于高干预优先级别，主要分布于马垅社区、江村社区、屿后社区及鹭江社区等片区，该类区域是需要优先调控的关键区。本文可为高效选址，针对性地制定城市热环境缓解策略提供科学依据，所构建的指标体系与研究框架适用于其他城市。
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| 关 键 词： | 城市热环境 生态系统服务 供需失衡 优先级 厦门岛 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-08-25 |
Identifying the key areas and management priorities of the imbalance between supply and demand in urban thermal environment regulation |
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| XIN Ruhong,ZENG Jian,LI Kai,SHEN Zhongjian.Identifying the key areas and management priorities of the imbalance between supply and demand in urban thermal environment regulation[J].Geographical Research,2022,41(11):3124-3142. |
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| Authors: | XIN Ruhong ZENG Jian LI Kai SHEN Zhongjian |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China2. School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300110, China3. Geosciences and Natural Resources Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1165, Denmark4. School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China |
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| Abstract: | The urban thermal environment effect seriously threatens the safety of human life and the sustainable development of social economy. Identifying the key areas of heat island regulation imbalance between supply and demand is very important to alleviate the urban thermal environment effect. Based on the climate risk assessment framework and the environmental justice framework, this paper constructs an indicator system and technical route for the evaluation of urban thermal environment regulation supply and demand. First, we select hazard sources, exposure, and vulnerability indicators to evaluate the level of urban residents' demand for heat island adjustment. Secondly, we use the heat island adjustment efficiency index to evaluate the supply capacity of green infrastructure to heat island adjustment. Finally, we apply the supply-demand matching and priority index to identify the key areas of supply-demand imbalance, and to divide the priority level of intervention. Xiamen Island is taken as an example. The results show that: (1) There is obvious spatial heterogeneity among the urban thermal environment hazards, exposure and vulnerability; the three indicators jointly determine the level of demand. The high-demand area accounting for 29.13%, it also presents the characteristics of the spatial pattern of "dispersion in the whole area and dense in the area". (2) The unevenly distributed green infrastructure space leads to the imbalance of urban thermal environment regulation and supply capacity. The high-value area includes 155 units, accounting for 13.2%, and the low-value area includes 857 units, accounting for 72.9%, and there is a spatial agglomeration opposite to the demand level of heat island regulation. (3) The supply-demand relationship of urban thermal environment adjustment services has four types: "high supply-high demand", "low supply-high demand", "low supply-low demand" and "high supply-low demand", of which 451 units are in an imbalanced state of "low supply-high demand", and they face the severe challenge of short supply. (4) A total of 84 units with high priority are mainly distributed in Malong Community, Jiangcun Community, Yuhou Community and Lujiang Community, which should be given top-level regulation. This article can provide a scientific basis for efficient site selection and targeted formulation of urban thermal environment mitigation strategies. The index system and technical route constructed are applicable to other cities. |
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| Keywords: | urban thermal environment ecosystem services supply and demand imbalance priority Xiamen Island |
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