Potential for deep geological sequestration of CO2 in Switzerland: a first appraisal |
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| Authors: | Gabriel Chevalier Larryn W Diamond Werner Leu |
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| Institution: | (1) Rock–Water Interaction Group, Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;(2) Geoform Ltd., Via San Gottardo 56, 6648 Minusio, Switzerland; |
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| Abstract: | Possibilities to sequester anthropogenic CO2 in deep geological formations are being investigated worldwide, but the potential within Switzerland has not yet been evaluated.
This study presents a first-order appraisal based solely on geological criteria collated from the literature. The Swiss Molasse
Basin (SMB) and the adjacent Folded Jura are the only realms of the country where CO2 could conceivably be stored in saline aquifers. Evaluation of geological criteria at the basin-wide scale shows that the
SMB–Jura has moderate potential (score of 0.6 on a scale from 0 to 1) when compared to basins elsewhere. At the intrabasinal
scale, inspection of the stratigraphy reveals four regional candidate aquifers that are sealed by suitable caprocks: top Basement
plus basal Mesozoic sandstones, all sealed by the Anhydrite Group; Upper Muschelkalk sealed by the Gipskeuper; Hauptrogenstein
sealed by the Effinger Member, and Upper Malm plus Lower Cretaceous sealed by the Lower Freshwater Molasse. Nine geological
criteria are defined to evaluate the storage potential of these and other smaller scale candidates. A numerical scoring and
weighting scheme allows the criteria to be assessed simultaneously, permitting the storage potential to be depicted using
the 0–1 scale in contoured maps. Approximately 5,000 km2 of the central SMB exhibits potentials between 0.6 and 0.96. The Fribourg–Olten–Luzern area is the most favoured owing to
the presence of several sealed aquifers within the preferred 800–2,500 m depth interval, and to its low seismicity, low geothermal
gradient, low fault density, and long groundwater residence times. Smaller areas with good potential lie between Zürich and
St. Gallen. In contrast, western Switzerland, the Jura and the southern SMB have markedly poorer potential. Considering only
the portions of the aquifers with potential above 0.6, the theoretical, effective storage capacity of the basin is estimated
to be 2,680 million tonnes of CO2. |
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