The role of the Antofagasta–Calama Lineament in ore deposit deformation in the Andes of northern Chile |
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| Authors: | Carlos Palacios Luis E Ramírez Brian Townley Marcelo Solari Nelson Guerra |
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| Institution: | (1) Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile;(2) Departamento de Geociencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile |
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| Abstract: | During the Late Jurassic–Early Oligocene interval, widespread hydrothermal copper mineralization events occurred in association
with the geological evolution of the southern segment of the central Andes, giving rise to four NS-trending metallogenic belts
of eastward-decreasing age: Late Jurassic, Early Cretaceous, Late Paleocene–Early Eocene, and Late Eocene–Early Oligocene.
The Antofagasta–Calama Lineament (ACL) consists of an important dextral strike-slip NE-trending fault system. Deformation
along the ACL system is evidenced by a right-lateral displacement of the Late Paleocene–Early Eocene metallogenic belts. Furthermore,
clockwise rotation of the Early Cretaceous Mantos Blancos copper deposit and the Late Paleocene Lomas Bayas porphyry copper
occurred. In the Late Eocene–Early Oligocene metallogenic belt, a sigmoidal deflection and a clockwise rotation is observed
in the ACL. The ACL is thought to have controlled the emplacement of Early Oligocene porphyry copper deposits (34–37 Ma; Toki,
Genoveva, Quetena, and Opache), whereas it deflected the Late Eocene porphyry copper belt (41–44 Ma; Esperanza, Telégrafo,
Centinela, and Polo Sur ore deposits). These observations suggest that right-lateral displacement of the ACL was active during
the Early Oligocene. We propose that the described structural features need to be considered in future exploration programs
within this extensively gravel-covered region of northern Chile. |
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| Keywords: | Copper deposits Lineaments Northern Chile |
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