Municipal Wastewater Treatment Using Moringa oleifera Seed and Press Cake Powder: A Comparative Analysis |
| |
| Authors: | Arti Thanki Hirendrasinh Padhiyar Nitin Kumar Singh Manish Yadav Johnson Christian |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India;2. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Marwadi Education Foundations Group of Institutions, Rajkot, Gujarat, India;3. Central Mine Planning Design Institute, Bhubaneshwar, India |
| |
| Abstract: | Moringa oleifera (MO), also known as drumstick tree, has gained worldwide attention among researchers and policy makers, for showing its remarkable potential in environmental management. Recently, MO seed or press cake (a by-product of oil extraction industry) powder has also emerged as an alternative and promising coagulant for environmental remediation. In this view, attempts have been made in this study to evaluate the efficacy of MO seed and press cake powder (MSP & PCP) for the treatment of municipal wastewater. Both MSP and PCP are characterized by using swelling ratio, scanning and transmission electron microscopy analysis. The effect of various operational parameters such as coagulation–flocculation pH (2–10), coagulant dosage (0.1–1 g L−1), and sedimentation time (0–180 min), etc., is investigated to understand the potential of MSP and PCP. At optimized operational conditions, sedimentation kinetics is also performed suggesting that the treatment process is being governed by the second-order kinetic model. The chemical and biological oxygen demand removals at optimized conditions are observed as follows: ≈38 and ≈73% for MSP and ≈47 and ≈85% for PCP. Overall, the results of the present study elucidated that PCP can be employed as a promising alternative of MSP for municipal wastewater with improved treatment efficiencies. |
| |
| Keywords: | coagulation–flocculation Moringa oleifera municipal wastewater press (seed) cake process optimization sedimentation kinetics |
|
|
