| 基于水位控制的黄河三角洲退化滨海湿地恢复及其短期效应 |
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| 引用本文： | 任葳,王安东,冯光海,赵亚杰,冉越男,刘晓玲,王光美,刘玉虹.基于水位控制的黄河三角洲退化滨海湿地恢复及其短期效应[J].湿地科学与管理,2016(4):4-8. |
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| 作者姓名： | 任葳 王安东 冯光海 赵亚杰 冉越男 刘晓玲 王光美 刘玉虹 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 内蒙古大学环境与资源学院，呼和浩特 010021; 中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室，烟台264003;2. 黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区,东营,257500;3. 中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室，烟台264003; 中国科学院大学，北京 101409;4. 中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室,烟台,264003;5. 内蒙古大学环境与资源学院，呼和浩特 010021; 河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室，南京210098 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)项目(KFJ-EW-STS -127) |
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| 摘 要： | 针对黄河三角洲滨海湿地严重退化盐碱化问题,于2015年5月设计实施了微地形改造营造和水位控制相结合的生态恢复方案,并评估了恢复工程的初步效果。结果表明:生态工程实施3个月后,恢复区植被、水域和裸地面积发生显著变化,植被比例从18.8%上升到30.5%,水域比例从7.4%上升到53.2%,裸地面积从73.8%降低到16.3%,湿地的改善为鸟类提供了多样化的生境。底栖动物从无到有开始拓殖,至2015年9月已发现大型底栖动物14种。自2015年9月至2016年3月,共有35种鸟类,包括13种重点保护鸟类在该区域栖息觅食。相对于简单围封补充淡水的传统恢复方式,本研究设计的生态恢复方案效果更为显著,在该区的生态恢复和重建中具有一定的推广价值。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄河三角洲 滨海湿地 生态工程 水位控制 鸟类栖息岛 |
Restoration of Degraded Coastal Wetlands Based on Water Level Regulation in Yellow River Delta and its Short-term Effects |
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| Abstract: | To restore the severely salinization-degraded coastal wetland in the Yellow River Delta, an ecological restoration project combined with micro-topography modification and water-level regulation was designed and implemented in May, 2015. Meanwhile, the preliminary restoration effects in short term were assessed. Results showed that the area of vegetation, open-water and bare land changed signiifcantly after three months. The proportions in area of vegetation and open-water increased from 18.8%, 7.4% to 30.5%, 53.2%, respectively, while bare-land proportion decreased from 73.8% to 16.3%, which could provide more diverse habitats thus attract more birds. Benthonic animal began to colonize in this area, with 14 species being discovered in September, 2015. There were 35 bird species, including 13 key protected species, were recorded in the restoration area from September, 2015 to March, 2016. Compared with traditional restoration measures of simple enclosure with freshwater supplement, the designed ecological restoration project is more feasible and could be applied to ecological restoration in the Yellow River Delta. |
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| Keywords: | Yellow River Delta Coastal wetland Ecological Engineering Water level Regulation Bird Habitats |
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