The solubility of fluorite in hydrothermal solutions,an experimental study |
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| Authors: | Catherine K Richardson HD Holland |
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| Institution: | Department of Geological Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A. |
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| Abstract: | The solubility of fluorite in NaCl solutions increases with increasing temperature at all ionic strengths up to about 100°C. Above this temperature, the solubility passes through a maximum and possibly a minimum with increasing temperature at NaCl concentrations of 1.0M or less, and increases continuously with increasing temperature at NaCl concentrations above 1.0M. At any given temperature, the solubility of fluorite increases with increasing salt concentration in NaCl, KCl and CaCl2 solutions. The solubility follows Debye-Hückel theory for KCl solutions. In NaCl and CaCl2 solutions, the solubility of fluorite increases more rapidly than predicted by Debye-Hückel theory: the excess solubility is due to the presence of NaFc, CaF+, and possibly of Na2F+. The solubility of fluorite in NaCl-CaCl2 and in NaCl-CaCl2-MgCl2 solutions is controlled by the common ion effect and by the presence of NaFc, CaF+, and MgF+. The solubility of fluorite in NaCl-HCl solutions increases rapidly with increasing initial HCl concentration; the large solubility increase is due to the presence of HFc. It seems likely that complexes other than those identified in this study rarely play a major role in fluoride transport and fluorite deposition at temperatures below 300°C. |
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