The effect of carbonaceous fines on the cyclic resistance of poorly graded sands |
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| Authors: | Salah Sadek Maha Saleh |
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| Institution: | (1) Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon |
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| Abstract: | The potential damage to man-made structures associated with earthquake-induced liquefaction has been demonstrated in catastrophic
fashion over the past 40–50 years. The phenomenon of liquefaction of relatively clean, poorly graded, sands is well understood.
However, the same cannot be said for cases when fine-grained materials are present within the sand matrix. A resolution of
what appears in some reported studies as conflicting observations related to the effect of fines on cyclic resistance is of
concern, particularly for land reclamation projects and sea fills where the material source is variable and may contain significant
levels of fines. The nature of the fines themselves may have a measurable effect on the matrix behavior. The work presented
herein explores the effect of silt and clay-size carbonaceous fines on the liquefaction susceptibility of sand. The choice
of fines was guided by the conditions associated with the Lebanon coastal reclamation projects, where limestone/marlstone
quarry source materials are dominant. The results obtained confirm the significant effect of fines on the cyclic resistance.
They also confirm the existence of a limit fines content and a plasticity index threshold and establish their effect on observed
behavior. |
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| Keywords: | Liquefaction Sands Fines Cyclic triaxial tests |
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