| 意大利世界遗产的特征与影响因素研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 许翔宇,孙希华,刘家萍.意大利世界遗产的特征与影响因素研究[J].世界地理研究,2019,28(1):187-196. |
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| 作者姓名： | 许翔宇 孙希华 刘家萍 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 山东师范大学
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| 摘 要： | 通过查阅联合国教科文组织世界遗产中心网站的世界遗产信息以及各类相关资料，运用数理统计与GIS空间分析的方法，研究意大利世界遗产项目，得出结论：遗产项目的入选时间主要集中在20世纪90年代；在空间分布上，遗产项目呈集聚态势，主要在北部、中部以及南部的平原或沿海地区；在时间特征上，意大利的世界遗产来源于中世纪和文艺复兴时期的最多；在属性特征上，主要以历史城镇和乡村、文化景观公园和庭院、历史建筑（群）三种形式存在，并且反映城市规划和宗教方面的项目占大多数。这些特征主要与其国家的地理环境、历史文化和保护情况有关。最后，从对意大利的研究中获得对中国世界遗产项目的发掘、申请、开发和保护的建议与经验。
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| 收稿时间： | 2018-05-16 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-06-20 |
Study on Characteristics and Determinants of World Heritages in Italy |
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| Abstract: | Analyzing world heritages in other country is an effective way to learn the heritage and understand other’s advantages in heritage study. Based on the UNESCO World Heritage Center's official website and various related data, this study uses statistical methods and GIS spatial analysis to study world heritages of Italy, which has the most heritages in the world. Results of the analysis indicate: 1) The application for its heritage starts early around the world, what can be traced back to the second batch of World Heritage Lists in 1979. The selection time of heritage projects was mainly concentrated in the 1990s, and the number of entries has stabilized since the 21st century; 2) In terms of spatial distribution, heritage projects are agglomerate and clustered mainly in the north (Lombardy, Veneto, Emilia-Romagna), central (Toscana, Lazio) and southern (Campania, Sicily), and these areas are plain or coastal areas; 3) In terms of time, the world heritages of Italy are basically originated from the early civilization, Roman times, Middle Ages, Renaissance and modern times. Among them, the most heritage projects are originated from the Renaissance which is the most glorious period during Italy history; 4) In terms of attributes, most of the heritages are in the form of Historical Towns and Village, Cultural Landscape Parks and Gardens, and Historic Buildings (Ensembles), and most of them reflect urban planning and religion. These features are mainly related to Italy’s geographical environment, historical culture and protection from many aspects. Finally we obtained suggestions and experience for the excavation, application, development and protection of China's world heritages from the research on Italy. China should pay attention to its most glorious historical period and unite other countries when discovering and applying for World Heritage. In order to develop and protect world heritage, the government should also establish a perfect legal system and mobilize various forces for contributing to the inheritance of world civilization. |
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