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| 扎龙湿地火烧严重度分析及火灾对丹顶鹤生境的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 孔博,张树清,张柏,那晓东,李晓峰,卢晓宁.扎龙湿地火烧严重度分析及火灾对丹顶鹤生境的影响[J].湿地科学,2007,5(4):348-355. |
| 作者姓名： | 孔博 张树清 张柏 那晓东 李晓峰 卢晓宁 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林,长春,130012;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100049 2. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林,长春,130012 3. 成都信息工程学院,四川,成都,610225 |
| 摘 要： | 利用ETM 遥感影像资料,分析了扎龙湿地火烧严重度及火灾对扎龙湿地丹顶鹤(Grus japonensis)生境的影响。采用火灾前、后的ETM 影像数据,计算差异性归一化燃烧率(dNBR)和制作扎龙火烧严重度分布图,用综合燃烧指数(CBI)分析植被死亡率对生境变化的影响程度,并分析两者的相关关系;利用两种燃烧指数与对应的高程、植被类型、坡度、功能分区和丹顶鹤巢位等因子叠加分析作为火烧区的评价指标;再根据火烧严重度分类图定量化分析火灾对丹顶鹤生境和巢址变化的影响。结果表明,CBI与dNBR之间有非线性关系(n=59,R2=0.8724);判定高程在148.3~154.6m和坡度在0°~0.185°之间,且分布有大量芦苇(Phragmites australis)沼泽的核心区低洼地易发生火灾;在火烧强度较高的情况下,迫使丹顶鹤选择次适宜的栖息环境,降低了丹顶鹤对隐蔽条件和食物资源的标准,导致丹顶鹤重新选择巢址的位置,其种群数量迅速减少。研究结果对扎龙湿地动物资源可持续发展具有一定的指导意义。 |
| 关 键 词： | 火烧严重度 丹顶鹤生境 差异性归一化燃烧率 综合燃烧指数 |
| 文章编号： | 1672-5948（2007）04-348-08 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-05-21 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-10-16 |
Analysis of Burn Severity of Wetlands in Zhalong Nature Reserve and Impact of Fire on Red Crowned Crane Habitat |
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| KONG Bo,ZHANG Shu-Qing,ZHANG Bai,NA Xiao-Dong,LI Xiao-Feng,LU Xiao-Ning.Analysis of Burn Severity of Wetlands in Zhalong Nature Reserve and Impact of Fire on Red Crowned Crane Habitat[J].Wetland Science,2007,5(4):348-355. | |
| Authors: | KONG Bo ZHANG Shu-Qing ZHANG Bai NA Xiao-Dong LI Xiao-Feng LU Xiao-Ning |
| Abstract: | Zhalong Natural Reserve located in the western part of Northeast China,has 210 000 hm2 area of wetlands that provide habitats for the red crowned crane(Grus japonensis)and many other water birds.The impact of fire on red crowned crane habitat was stuied using images of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus(ETM )before and after fire on June 28,2000 and December 9,2001.The water sources of the wetlands are mainly from Wuyur River.It is composed of a wide central area covered by flush reed(Phragmites australis)and surrounded by lakes.From the late of August to the middle of October in 2001,there was a big fire happened in the Reserve and resulted in a large area of wetlands to be burned.Using differenced Normalized Burn Ratio(dNBR)calculated by Landsat ETM scenes from pre-fire and post-fire acquisitions were processed to obtain the burn severity map of Zhalong Natural Reserve.The burn severity was analyzed using 2 images supported by GIS and RS technology.Burn severity was interpreted as the degree of environmental change on a site,using the Composite Burn Index(CBI),which is a direct explanation of relationship between burn severity and degree of plant damage after fire.Combining 2 burn indexes with environment factors(elevation,vegetation types,slope,aspect,function zones and nest-sites etc.)to research impact of fire on the habitat.It is quantificational explainsd that the spatial pattern disturbance of burn severity on the red crowned crane habitat,especially emphasized red crowned crane ecological consequence(food resources and hidden region)and selection behavior of habitat that had been affected by fire.The results showed that there is a non-linear correlation relationship between dNBR and CBI(n=59,R2=0.872 4).It is shown that the most dangerous fire region was located in the low meadows with elevation of 148.3 m to 154.6 m and slope from 0 to 0.185.There is a mass of reed marsh in core function zone of Zhalong Nature Reserve.After the big fire in 2001,reeds vanished and red crowned crane was forced to select secondary habitat;owing to vegetation height and density could not reach the nest-building standard,the standard of hidden condition and food resources requirement of red crowned crane dropped;so red crowned crane has to reselected nest location and its population decreased rapidly. |
| Keywords: | burn severity red crowned crane habitat composite burn index difference Normalized Burn Ratio |
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