Determination of ammonia emission rates from a tunnel ventilated chicken house using passive samplers and a Gaussian dispersion model |
| |
| Authors: | Ronald L Siefert Joseph R Scudlark |
| |
| Institution: | (1) Chemistry Department, US Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA;(2) College of Marine and Earth Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958, USA |
| |
| Abstract: | Atmospheric deposition can provide a significant fraction of the nitrogen loading to coastal waters. The Delmarva Peninsula,
on the eastern shore of the Chesapeake Bay, is a region with intense poultry production that may supply a significant source
of atmospheric ammonia (NH3). There is a need to quantify ammonia NH3 from representative growing methods in this region in order to more accurately estimate agricultural NH3 emissions and to develop best management practices. In this study, NH3 emissions were determined at an 18,600-bird tunnel-ventilated chicken house using a modified sampling grid (a planar arrangement
normal to the length of the house) with Ogawa passive samplers to characterize the emission plume downwind from the house.
This improvement in the sampling strategy, compared to a previous study, simplified the inverse Gaussian plume analysis which
improved the confidence in the emission factors. In this study, a total of four separate plume characterizations were conducted
over the final 3 weeks of the 6-week broiler grow-out cycle. The mean emission factor observed at the tunnel-ventilated house,
0.13 g NH3–N/bird-day, was an order of magnitude lower than that previously observed at a nearby side-wall ventilated house. Although
not all growing variables were measured, the large difference in emission factors between the two ventilation regimes suggest
that modern, tunnel-ventilated houses may result in a significant decrease in NH3 emissions compared with traditional growing methods. This variability in emission factors underscores the need for characterizing
chicken houses under various conditions and determining the factors that control these atmospheric emissions. |
| |
| Keywords: | Ammonia Atmospheric dispersion Tunnel-ventilated chicken house Emissions Gaussian plume |
| 本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录！ |
|
