| 1971-2011年青藏高原干湿气候区界线的年代际变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑然,李栋梁.1971-2011年青藏高原干湿气候区界线的年代际变化[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(4):1106-1115. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑然 李栋梁 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 南京信息工程大学 大气科学学院/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 江苏 南京 210044;2. 四川省气候中心, 四川 成都 610072;3. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 冻土工程国家重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重大科学研究计划项目（2013CB956004）；冻土工程国家重点实验室开放基金课题（SKLFSE201306）；国家自然科学基金项目（91337109）；国家公益性行业（气象）科研专项（GYHY201406001）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目（PAPD） |
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| 摘 要： | 气候变化是沙漠化的重要影响因素，了解青藏高原的气候背景变化是探讨高原沙漠化的基础。利用1971-2011年青藏高原81个站点逐日气温、降水等多种气象要素资料，采用面积权重方法研究了近41a高原干湿气候变化的年代际波动特征。结果表明：近年来高原气温持续升高，降水显著增加，于20世纪90年代中后期变得更暖更湿；平均风速由显著下降趋势转变为平稳变化；相对湿度由上升趋势转为下降趋势，且下降幅度明显；日照时数自80年代开始显著下降，进入21世纪转为上升趋势。在这5个因子共同作用下潜在蒸发量于90年代中后期发生明显转折，由下降趋势转为上升趋势。20世纪90年代中后期是高原气候变化的重要节点。高原干湿界线年代际波动明显，不同干湿气候区的面积存在年代际差异，整体表现为各界线均向西北方向移动，极端干旱区、干旱区面积有所减小，半干旱区、半湿润区及湿润区面积有所增大。干湿指数0.5线与高原沙漠化界线重合，干湿界线波动变化在一定程度可反映高原沙漠化变化情况。
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| 关 键 词： | 青藏高原 气候变化 干湿状况 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-07-30 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015-09-14 |
Decadal Changes of the Wet and Dry Climate Zone Boundaries in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during 1971-2011 |
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| Zheng Ran,Li Dongliang.Decadal Changes of the Wet and Dry Climate Zone Boundaries in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during 1971-2011[J].Journal of Desert Research,2016,36(4):1106-1115. |
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| Authors: | Zheng Ran Li Dongliang |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Atmospheric Sciences/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044,China;2. Sichuan Climate Center, Chengdu 610072, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China |
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| Abstract: | Since climate change is one of the important factors causing desertification, to study climate change background in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the foundation of the desertification research. Based on daily data of the 81 meteorological stations in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1971 to 2011, the characteristics of decadal climate change in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during 41 years is analyzed. The results show that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau became warmer and wetter after the late 1990s with the increments of temperature and precipitation. During the same period, the average wind speed slowed down from the decline tend, the variation tend of relative humidity converted from increase to obvious decrease, and the insolation dropped greatly since the 1980s, but became an upward trend in the 21st century. Because of the interaction of the five factors, potential evaporation showed an obvious turning point from the downward trend into an upward trend in the late 1990s. Therefore, the late 1990s is an important node for the plateau climate change. The boundaries of wet climate and dry climate in the plateau had a significant decadal fluctuation. There were differences in diversification of different zones, and the overall performance for all the lines was moving to the northwest. The extremely arid region, arid area reduced, semi-arid region, sub-humid zone and humid area increased. The index of wet and dry line met the plateau desertification boundary, so the wet and dry boundary's fluctuations may reflect the desertification change in the plateau. |
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| Keywords: | Qinghai-Tibet Plateau climate change dry and wet conditions |
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