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Survey of estrogenic and androgenic disruption in Swedish coastal waters by the analysis of bile fluid from perch and biomarkers in the three-spined stickleback |
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| Authors: | Pettersson Maria Hahlbeck Edda Katsiadaki Ioanna Asplund Lillemor Bengtsson Bengt-Erik |
| Institution: | aDepartment of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden bCEFAS Weymouth Laboratory, The Nothe, Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom |
| Abstract: | The potential for endocrine disruption close to sewage treatment plant and pulp mill effluent discharge points along the Swedish Baltic Sea coast was explored using a dual survey strategy employing two stationary fish species. The levels of vitellogenin and spiggin as biomarkers of endocrine disruption were determined in juvenile three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) together with the sex ratios and the presence of intersex. As an indication of exposure, estrogenic and androgenic substances were analysed by GC–MS in bile from perch (Perca fluviatilis L.). Spiggin and vitellogenin levels in juvenile three-spined sticklebacks were generally low, and, for most sampling sites no deviation in gonad type ratios were observed. No remarkable levels of natural or synthetic estrogens or androgens were observed in bile fluid from perch, while bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol were detected in perch from both reference sites and exposed sites. Taken together, the results did not indicate estrogenic or androgenic disruption in the investigated waters. |
| Keywords: | Fish Baltic Sea Pulp mill effluents Sewage effluents Endocrine disruption |
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