| 塔里木盆地海相油气源与混源成藏模式 |
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| 引用本文： | 李素梅,庞雄奇,杨海军,肖中尧,顾乔元,张宝收.塔里木盆地海相油气源与混源成藏模式[J].地球科学,2010,35(4):663-673. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李素梅 庞雄奇 杨海军 肖中尧 顾乔元 张宝收 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国石油大学油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究与发展"973"项目，国家自然科学基金，中国石油大学油气资源与探测国家重点实验室基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 塔里木盆地油气源长期争论不休.采用单体烃同位素、包裹体成分与年代指示生物标志物等途径, 对塔里木盆地塔中、轮南典型油气藏进行了油气成因与混源成藏模式的研究.结果表明, 塔中、轮南绝大部分原油生物标志物与中上奥陶统烃源岩相似, 仅少部分原油显现与寒武系—下奥陶统烃源岩相近的特征, 但正构烷烃单体烃碳同位素分析表明, 原油绝大部分实质仍为混源油.塔中包裹烃成分分析进一步证实了原油的混源特性.利用同位素进行的混源定量结果表明, 塔中原油中寒武系—下奥陶统成因原油的混入量约为11%~100%(均值45%); 轮南地区约为11%~70%(均值36%), 表明寒武系—下奥陶统、中上奥陶统均为塔里木盆地的主力烃源岩.油气运移地化指标与地质条件的综合研究认为, 塔中地区断层是油气运移的重要通道, 塔中I号断层与斜交的走滑断层的交汇点是油气的主要注入点; 轮南地区侧向运移特征较明显.研究区存在调整型、多期充注型与原生型多种混源成藏模式.塔里木海相油气的普遍混源表明深层仍有油气勘探潜能.揭示海相混源油气成藏机制是指导塔里木海相油气勘探的关键.
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| 关 键 词： | 生物标志物 同位素 包裹体 混源成藏模式 石油地质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-12-08 |
Generation,Migration and Accumulation Model for the Marine Oils in the Tarim Basin |
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| LI Su-mei,PANG Xiong-Qi,YANG Hai-jun,XIAO Zhong yao,GU Qiao-yuan,ZHANG Bao-shou.Generation,Migration and Accumulation Model for the Marine Oils in the Tarim Basin[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2010,35(4):663-673. |
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| Authors: | LI Su-mei PANG Xiong-Qi YANG Hai-jun XIAO Zhong yao GU Qiao-yuan ZHANG Bao-shou |
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| Abstract: | The origin and accumulation mechanism of the marine oils in the Tarim basin has long been a disputed issue. Compound specific isotope, fluid inclusion technique and age-indicating biomarkers have been used in investigating hydrocarbons generation and migration in this study. It is observed that most of the oils in the Tazhong and Lunnan uplifts correspond well with the Middle-Upper Ordovician source rocks according to biomarkers, suggesting their good genetic relationship. However, the compound specific isotope of n-alkanes shows that the oils are primarily mixed oils from both the ∈-O1 and the O2+3 strata, which is further proved by chemical components in fluid inclusions. It is predicated by δ13C of n-alkanes that, the ∈-O1 genetic affinity oils mixed in the Tazhong oils range in 11%-100% (average of 45%), and about 11%-70% (average of 36%) in the Lunnan oils, which suggests that both the ∈-O1 and the O2+3 are the main source intervals for the oils in the Tarim basin. A comprehensive study of migration fractionations of biomarkers and geological conditions shows that, No.1 fault and the associated faults played an essential role in hydrocarbons migration with several main charging points observed where strike slip faults cutting across the No.1 fault. However, lateral migration is an important pattern for the Lunnan oils. Several oil-mixing models are concluded including adjusting type with oil mixing during hydrocarbons re-migration and re-accumulation, multiple-charging type with hydrocarbons from different episodes, and primary type with oil mixed during secondary migration pathway even during primary migration. Our opinion of intensive oil mixing in the Tarim basin suggests great deep petroleum potential in the basin, and unraveling hydrocarbons-accumulation mechanism is significant for further petroleum exploration. |
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