| 广西主要农作物生产格局演变特征与机制研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 屠爽爽,简代飞,龙花楼,李婷婷,张英男.广西主要农作物生产格局演变特征与机制研究[J].地理学报,2022,77(9):2322-2337. |
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| 作者姓名： | 屠爽爽 简代飞 龙花楼 李婷婷 张英男 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,南宁 5300012.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京 1001013.广西大学公共管理学院,南宁 5300044.中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京 1007325.浙江大学公共管理学院,杭州 310058 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41901207);广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFDA281032);, 中国博士后科学基金项目(2018M630197);广西壮族自治区八桂学者工程专项经费 |
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| 摘 要： | 农作物生产结构与布局是农业地理学探讨的传统研究主题,开展农作物生产格局演变特征与机制研究,可为区域农业生产要素的优化配置提供参考依据。论文运用区位基尼系数、重心移动模型、比较优势指数等方法,揭示1995—2019年广西粮食、糖料、水果和蔬菜4类主要农作物生产格局的演变特征,剖析其形成机制,据此提出相关优化建议。结果表明：粮食作物“退”、糖果菜“进”构成主要农作物竞争的基本态势;粮食、蔬菜生产空间分布相对分散,糖料生产地理集聚趋势明显,水果生产由相对集中走向分散;主要农作物综合比较优势受规模比较优势主导,粮食生产劣势明显,糖料生产具有绝对规模比较优势和综合比较优势,水果、蔬菜生产规模比较优势突出但效率比较优势有待提升。资源禀赋的约束、市场供需和比较效益的主导、乡村社会发展要素变化的诱发、制度环境的引导/修正、集聚经济的循环累积等多种力量综合作用推动农作物生产格局的演变。特殊的区情决定了广西农作物生产应统筹经济功能、社会功能和生态功能,通过结构调整、产业集聚、空间优化,推进农作物生产从规模扩张向综合效益提升转型。
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| 关 键 词： | 农作物 生产格局 演变机制 农业生产转型 农业地理学 广西 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-14 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-08-26 |
Evolution characteristics and mechanism of major crops production patterns in Guangxi |
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| TU Shuangshuang,JIAN Daifei,LONG Hualou,LI Tingting,ZHANG Yingnan.Evolution characteristics and mechanism of major crops production patterns in Guangxi[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2022,77(9):2322-2337. |
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| Authors: | TU Shuangshuang JIAN Daifei LONG Hualou LI Tingting ZHANG Yingnan |
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| Abstract: | Crop production structure and layout is a traditional research content of agricultural geography, and the research on the evolution characteristics and mechanism of crop production pattern can provide some reference for the optimal allocation of regional agricultural production elements. In this paper, we use the location Gini coefficient, gravity center movement model and comparative advantage index to reveal the evolution characteristics of the production pattern of four major crops, i.e., grain, sugar, fruits and vegetables, in Guangxi from 1995-2019 and their formation mechanism, and accordingly put forward relevant optimization suggestions. The results showed that grain crops "retreating", and sugar, fruits and vegetables "advancing" constitute the basic situation of the major crops competition. In terms of spatial distribution, the grain and vegetables are relatively scattered, the sugar production has an obvious trend of geographical agglomeration, and the fruit production has moved from relative concentration to dispersion. The scale comparative advantage of major crops dominates the aggregated comparative advantage, and the weak position of grain production is gradually strengthened. Sugar production has the absolute scale and aggregated comparative advantages. Fruits and vegetables have a prominent scale comparative advantage, but the efficiency comparative advantage needs improvement. The combination of forces such as the constraints of resource endowments, the dominance of market supply and demand and comparative efficiency, the inducement of changes of rural social development factors, the guidance or correction of institutional environment, and the circular accumulation of agglomeration economy, all together drive the evolution of crop production patterns. The unique regional situation determines that Guangxi's crop production should coordinate economic, social and ecological functions, and promote the transformation of crop production from scale expansion to comprehensive benefit enhancement by adjusting production structure, optimizing the spatial layout and strengthening industrial agglomeration. |
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| Keywords: | crops production pattern evolution mechanism agricultural production transformation agricultural geography Guangxi |
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