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| 城市网络视角下华为手机全球价值链的建构与重构 | |
| 引用本文： | 王长建,卢敏仪,陈静,罗皓,汪菲.城市网络视角下华为手机全球价值链的建构与重构[J].地理科学进展,2022,41(9):1606-1621. |
| 作者姓名： | 王长建 卢敏仪 陈静 罗皓 汪菲 |
| 作者单位： | 1.广东省科学院广州地理研究所,广东省遥感与地理信息系统应用重点实验室/广东省地理空间信息技术与应用公共实验室,广州 510070 2.广州新华学院资源与城乡规划学院,广州 510520 3.粤港澳大湾区战略研究院,广州 510070 4.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广州 511458 |
| 基金项目： | 粤港澳大湾区战略研究院建设专项(2021GDASYL-20210401001);广州新华学院高等教育教学改革项目(2020J068);国家自然科学基金重点项目(42130712);广东省科学院建设国内一流研究机构行动专项资金项目(2020GDASYL-20200201001) |
| 摘 要： | 探讨华为手机主导的全球价值链在后发赶超过程中的建构与重构,对于明晰发展中国家领先企业在全球价值链中所处的地位、价值捕捉及演进趋势具有重要意义。论文基于城市网络和全球价值链的研究视角,通过建立城市网络与价值链体系之间的映射关系,以“实体清单”正式生效日期为节点,系统整理断供前后华为手机供应商数据,借助总部—分支、社会网络分析等方法,揭示研发型(高端价值捕捉)、生产型(中端价值捕捉)和代工型(低端价值捕捉)城市网络的空间分布、网络结构和社群结构。结果表明：① 华为手机的生产组织模式具有典型“全球研发+国内生产/代工”特征,断供后高端价值供应商退出明显,核心零部件国产化替代趋势明显。② 断供后,深圳、上海和北京在城市网络中的影响力和控制力显著增强,在高、中、低端价值生产环节均占据核心地位,在研发型城市网络中尤为显著。③ 断供后,美国高端价值供应商所在城市的影响力大幅降低,以存储芯片和摄像头芯片为主的日韩供应商所在城市的影响力提升明显。④ 断供后,高、中、低端价值生产环节的网络集聚效应均有不同程度提升,推动华为价值链更加区域化。⑤ 断供前后,研发型城市社群变化最大;生产型城市社群数量规模适中,社区之间有明显的等级差异;代工型城市社群数量规模最小,社区内联系稀疏。“全球化布局”和“国产化替代”的组合战略是当前华为手机破解“卡脖子”问题的可行路径,也为后发国家高技术企业实现赶超提供经验借鉴。 |
| 关 键 词： | 全球价值链 城市网络 领先企业 社会网络分析 华为手机 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-22 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-06-22 |
Construction and reconstruction of global value chain based on the perspective of urban networks: A case study of Huawei mobile phone suppliers |
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| WANG Changjian,LU Minyi,CHEN Jing,LUO Hao,WANG Fei.Construction and reconstruction of global value chain based on the perspective of urban networks: A case study of Huawei mobile phone suppliers[J].Progress in Geography,2022,41(9):1606-1621. | |
| Authors: | WANG Changjian LU Minyi CHEN Jing LUO Hao WANG Fei |
| Abstract: | Exploring the construction and reconstruction of the global value chain led by Huawei mobile phones from the perspective of urban networks is of great significance. This study examined the construction and reconstruction of the global value chain dominated by Huawei mobile phones in the process of catching up in technology development. Taking the official effective date of the "Entity List" as the turning point, this study systematically examined the data of Huawei's mobile phone suppliers before and after the "supply disruption". With the application of the headquarters-branches model, social network analysis, and community detection methods, the spatial distribution, network structure, and community structure of research and development (R&D)-oriented, production-oriented, and original equipment manufacturer (OEM)-oriented urban networks are uncovered. The results show that: 1) The production organization mode of Huawei mobile phones has a typical feature of global R&D + domestic production/OEM. After the supply disruption, R&D suppliers withdraw obviously, and the substitution trend of core components was clear. 2) After the supply disruption, the influence and control power of Shenzhen, Shanghai, and Beijing in the urban networks increased significantly, especially in the R&D-oriented urban network. 3) The influence and control power of cities where U.S. high-value suppliers are located have dropped significantly. The influence and control power of cities where high-value suppliers from Japan and South Korea are located, mainly memory chips and camera chips, have increased significantly. 4) After the supply disruption, the network agglomeration effect of high-, medium-, and low-value production links increased to varying degrees, promoting a more regionalized Huawei value chain. 5) After the supply disruption, the biggest changes from before the disruption occurred in the R&D urban communities. The number and scale of production-oriented urban communities were moderate, and there were obvious hierarchical differences among communities. The number of OEM-oriented urban communities was the smallest, and the connections within the community were sparse. The combination strategy of globalized layout and domestic substitution is a feasible path for Huawei to solve the supply problem. It also provides some references for high-tech firms in developing countries to achieve catch-up. |
| Keywords: | global value chain urban networks leading firms social network analysis Huawei mobile phone |
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