| 中国拐卖人口犯罪地理研究：进展评述与治理启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 李钢,于悦,周俊俊,金安楠.中国拐卖人口犯罪地理研究：进展评述与治理启示[J].热带地理,2022,42(9):1403-1418. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李钢 于悦 周俊俊 金安楠 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西北大学 城市与环境学院，西安 710127;2.陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室，西安 710127 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41871144);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(16YJAZH028);西北大学“仲英青年学者”支持计划(2016) |
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| 摘 要： | 拐卖人口犯罪是一种非正常（非自愿、被动）的人口迁移（失踪、迫害）现象，因其社会危害性大且对个体和家庭影响深远，备受公众和学界关注。囿于中国拐卖人口犯罪问题的隐蔽性、分散性、多变性和复杂性，早前研究学科视角较为集中和局限，近10年来地理学者通过不断探索逐渐取得了一些新认识和新进展。文章从地理学相关分支学科视角，重点梳理了中国拐卖人口犯罪地理研究的主要进展、现存问题、前景展望及治理启示。研究发现：1）拐卖人口犯罪是多学科共同关注的社会痛点，地理学具有后发优势，与其他学科的交叉融通将有助于深刻理解和系统解决问题。2）早前国际语境下的中国拐卖儿童犯罪研究其实是中国刑法语境下的拐卖人口犯罪的主体性研究，中国拐卖人口犯罪具有区别于其他国家和其他犯罪类型的独特性。3）早前资料来源以民间为主，当前资料来源呈现民间与官方共现，线下与线上融合的特征，多源数据的整合利用是必由之路。4）在新冠疫情影响和寻亲途径拓展背景下，田野调查开辟出新途径，云端田野调查（云端访谈、直播间参与式观察等）成为传统实地调查与踏勘的补充性或替代性方式。5）基于数据更新验证，发现中国拐卖犯罪时空格局具有稳定性与主要路径的依赖性，热点边境地区和省际交界区域值得重点关注；未来研究将从单一转向综合：从量化转向量化与质性互补与混合，从案例数字转向个体、家庭及其社会网络，从源头转向源、流、汇结合，从人口拐卖单类型转向人口失踪多类型。最后，结合已有研究认识和当前犯罪动向，提出关于治理拐卖人口犯罪和扶助被拐与寻亲人员的整体策略与具体路径。
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| 关 键 词： | 拐卖人口犯罪 犯罪地理 研究进展 治理对策 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-08-15 |
Geographical Studies on Human Trafficking in China: Progress Review and Governance Implications |
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| Gang Li,Yue Yu,Junjun Zhou,An'nan Jin.Geographical Studies on Human Trafficking in China: Progress Review and Governance Implications[J].Tropical Geography,2022,42(9):1403-1418. |
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| Authors: | Gang Li Yue Yu Junjun Zhou An'nan Jin |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi'an 710127, China;2.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and, Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi'an 710127, China |
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| Abstract: | The crime of human trafficking is an abnormal (involuntary, passive) phenomenon of population migration (disappearance, persecution); it has attracted great attention from the public and academic community because of its resultant social harm and far-reaching impacts on individuals and families. Constrained by the concealment, dispersion, variability, and complexity of the crime of human trafficking in China, the perspectives of earlier research topics were relatively clustered and limited. During the last 10 years, geographers have gradually achieved certain new understandings and progress through continuous exploration. From the perspective of the related sub-disciplines of geography, this study focuses on the main progress, existing issues, future trends, and crime governance paths to review studies on the crime of human trafficking in China. The results indicate the following: (1) Regarding the interdisciplinary situation: The crime of human trafficking is a social pain point of common concern among multiple disciplines. Geography has the advantage of being a latecomer and its integration with other disciplines will help understand the problem in depth and solve it systematically. Geographers will have a broad stage for future research in the field of human trafficking crimes. (2) Regarding the research objects: The earlier studies on the crime of child trafficking in China in the international context were actually subject studies of human trafficking in the Chinese criminal law context. The crime of human trafficking in China is unique compared to other countries and other types of crimes. (3) Regarding the research data: In the past, the data sources mainly comprised non-governmental organizations and individuals. The current data sources show the co-occurrence of non-governmental and official sources and the trend of the integration of offline and online availability. The integration and utilization of multi-source data will be the main path to future studies. (4) Regarding field investigation: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic's impact and the upgrading of related family tracing means, field investigation has opened up new ways, and online investigations (online interviews, participatory observation in live broadcasting rooms, etc.) have become complementary or alternative channels of traditional field investigations and surveys. (5) Regarding patterns and trends: Based on the update and verification of available data, it is found that the stability of the spatiotemporal pattern of trafficking crimes and the dependence on the main routes in China, and cross-border and inter-provincial border areas, are worthy of attention. Future research trend will shift from being independent to comprehensive—from a quantitative study to a qualitative or mixed study; from case numbers to individuals, families, and their social networks; from the source area to the bridging of source, flow, and sink areas; and from a type of human trafficking to multi-type comparisons of missing persons. (6) Regarding measures and suggestions: Combined with the existing research knowledge and current crime trends, this study presents overall strategies and specific paths for dealing with the crime of human trafficking and assisting the abducted and their relatives. |
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| Keywords: | human trafficking crime geography research progress governance measures China |
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