| GNSS技术在GEO、IGSO航天器中的导航精度与适用性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 马祥泰,胡彦逢,董绪荣.GNSS技术在GEO、IGSO航天器中的导航精度与适用性分析[J].全球定位系统,2022,47(6):1-8. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马祥泰 胡彦逢 董绪荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 航天工程大学 航天信息学院, 北京 101416 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(42174044) |
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| 摘 要： | 现阶段高轨道航天器导航主要依靠地基测控系统，为了研究全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)技术用于高轨道航天器导航的可行性，对GNSS技术在地球静止轨道(GEO)卫星、倾斜地球同步轨道(IGSO)卫星航天器中的导航精度及适用性展开了分析研究. 采用2021年11月9日的两行轨道数据(TLE)仿真GNSS星座，以不同星下点的GEO卫星和不同倾角的IGSO卫星作为目标星展开导航仿真试验. 实验结果表明:为了满足GNSS解算所需的卫星数量，须通过接收旁瓣信号来增加可见卫星数目. 对GEO目标星而言，当接收机灵敏度高于?169 dB时，导航精度可达30 m；利用GPS对7个不同的GEO或IGSO轨道目标星进行导航实验表明，GPS对目标星导航的位置误差约为35 m；北斗三号(BDS-3)、GPS、GLONASS、Galileo的导航位置误差均值分别为28.03 m、21.16 m、37.15 m、25.09 m，具有良好的内符合精度，其中GPS精度最高，GLONASS精度最低，但大部分时段也在45 m内.
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| 关 键 词： | 全球卫星导航系统(GNSS) 高轨道航天器 卫星可见性 几何精度衰减因子(GDOP) 位置误差 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-05-19 |
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| Institution: | Department of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China |
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| Abstract: | At present, the navigation of high-orbit spacecraft mainly relies on ground-based measurement and control systems. In order to study the feasibility of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology in high-orbit spacecraft navigation, the navigation accuracy and adaptability of GNSS technology in geostationary earth orbit (GEO) and inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) high-orbit spacecraft were analyzed and studied. The GNSS navigation satellite constellation was simulated using two-line orbital element (TLE) on November 9, 2021. GEO satellites at different sub-satellite points and IGSO satellites at different inclination angles were used as target satellites to carry out navigation experiments. The experimental results show that: In order to meet the number of satellites required for GNSS calculation, the number of visible satellites must be increased by receiving sidelobe signals; for GEO target satellites, when the receiver sensitivity is higher than ?169 dB, the navigation accuracy can reach 30 m; the GPS system is used to conduct navigation and orbit determination experiments on 7 different GEO or IGSO orbits; the average accuracy of BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3), GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo in high-orbit spacecraft navigation is 28.03 m, 21.16 m, 37.15 m, and 25.09 m, respectively. GPS has the highest accuracy and GLONASS has the lowest accuracy, but it is also 45 m in most periods within. |
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