| 城市流动人口心理健康的影响因素——以广州市和深圳市为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘为,罗梓文,欧阳桢,杨森彬,盘咏恩,陈诗淇,吴蓉.城市流动人口心理健康的影响因素——以广州市和深圳市为例[J].热带地理,2022,42(12):2042-2051. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘为 罗梓文 欧阳桢 杨森彬 盘咏恩 陈诗淇 吴蓉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院，广州 510060;2.广东工业大学 建筑与城市规划学院，广州 510090 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(42001147);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515011728);广州市科技计划项目(202102020319) |
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| 摘 要： | 以珠三角核心城市广州市和深圳市为例，采用中国劳动力动态调查个体问卷数据（CLDS-2016）并运用线性回归模型，旨在解析城市流动人口心理健康的影响因素及其作用机理，并对比广州市和深圳市流动人口心理健康影响机制的差异。研究发现：1）工作环境特征、社会交往特征、生理健康特征和社会人口特征均对流动人口的心理健康产生影响。其中，工作环境特征中的工作满意度、工作压力与流动人口的心理健康呈显著相关，社会交往特征中的社区信任以及生理健康特征中的自评健康对流动人口的心理健康具有显著影响。2）对于广州市而言，工作环境特征（工作压力）、社会交往特征（社区信任）、生理健康特征（自评健康、饮酒历史、日常锻炼、因伤救治）对流动人口的心理健康影响显著。3）对于深圳市而言，其心理健康的影响因素仅体现为工作环境特征（工作满意度、工作压力）和生理健康特征（自评健康、因伤救治）。实证研究表明，相同因素对于不同城市流动人口的心理健康作用机理存在差异，广州城市规划与治理中应注重打造优质社区并完善休闲健康设施配套，而深圳市则应注重通过改善工作环境来提升流动人口的心理健康。
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| 关 键 词： | 流动人口 心理健康 城市环境 广州 深圳 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-11 |
Influencing Factors of Migrants' Mental Health: A Case Study of Guangzhou and Shenzhen |
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| Wei Liu,Ziwen Luo,Zhen Ouyang,Senbin Yang,Yongen Pan,Shiqi Chen,Rong Wu.Influencing Factors of Migrants' Mental Health: A Case Study of Guangzhou and Shenzhen[J].Tropical Geography,2022,42(12):2042-2051. |
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| Authors: | Wei Liu Ziwen Luo Zhen Ouyang Senbin Yang Yongen Pan Shiqi Chen Rong Wu |
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| Institution: | 1.Guangzhou Urban Planning & Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou 510060, China;2.School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510090, China |
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| Abstract: | With the acceleration of urbanization and promotion of the integrated strategy of the Greater Bay Area (GBA), the number of migrants in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) has increased dramatically. With "Healthy China 2030" presented, mental health of migrants is of great significant to China's New-type Urbanization. Additionally, with the profound reforms in society and economy, the measurement and action mechanism of migrants' mental health deserve in-depth exploration. Using the data collected from the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS) in 2016 for Guangzhou and Shenzhen and using the linear regression model, the study explored the effects of working environment, social interaction, and physical health on migrants' mental health. The second focus of this study was on the difference between migrants' mental health in Guangzhou and Shenzhen City through the empirical statistical results. Our empirical findings suggest that: 1) Migrants' mental health is significantly affected by working environment, social interaction, and physical health; among them, work satisfaction, lower work stress, community confidence, and self-rated health all have a positive impact on the mental health of migrants. Additionally, higher income is commonly associated with mental health. 2) For Guangzhou City, work stress, community confidence, self-rated health, drinking, exercise, and treatment have distinct impacts on the mental health of migrants. 3) For Shenzhen City, only work satisfaction, work stress, self-rated health, and treatment have distinct impacts on the mental health of migrants. In summary, this study used CLDS data from 609 migrants in 2016 to provide a more comprehensive picture of their working environment, social interaction, physical health, and mental health. Moreover, this study is a comparative analysis of migrants' mental health between Guangzhou and Shenzhen, which indicates that migrants' mental health in Guangzhou is mainly affected by work environment, social interaction, and physiological health; however, the work environment and physiological health play a significant role in migrants' mental health in Shenzhen. Based on the empirical findings, we call for further policymakers and practitioners to focus on both spatiality and heterogeneity in planning and governance. Municipal governments should consider the rationalization of land use and functional transformation to create harmonious social networks and promote migrants to better integrate into urban society. In addition, Guangzhou should increase and optimize leisure facilities and green space to strengthen the social interaction between migrants and locals, while it is of great importance to improve the working environment in Shenzhen and take measures to reduce migrants' working pressure by enhancing the safety and comfort of the working environment. |
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| Keywords: | migrants mental health urban environments Guangzhou Shenzhen |
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