| 经济发展对城市宜居性的影响——基于中国40个大中城市的实证分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王毅,苗转莹,陆玉麒,朱英明.经济发展对城市宜居性的影响——基于中国40个大中城市的实证分析[J].地理学报,2022,77(10):2529-2546. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王毅 苗转莹 陆玉麒 朱英明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.南京理工大学经济管理学院 江苏产业集群研究基地,南京 2100942.南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京 210023 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41901205);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20190482) |
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| 摘 要： | 在中国经济和城镇化都逐步迈入高质量发展阶段的背景下,厘清经济发展对城市宜居性的影响规律具有重要的学术价值和应用价值。本文将宜居性作为一项“要素”引入生产函数研究框架,构建了经济发展对城市宜居性影响的理论模型,并基于2005—2019年中国40个大中城市的面板数据,利用系统GMM、面板门槛模型等方法对其进行实证检验。结果表明：① 2005—2019年中国大中城市的宜居性水平总体呈上升态势,但存在明显的维度分异和空间分异特征。② 总体上经济发展对城市宜居性的提高具有抑制效应,但这种效应在不同时间阶段和不同城市规模中呈现出明显的异质性。对于进入经济新常态阶段前,以及规模较大的直辖市和部分经济发达的省会城市,这种抑制作用比较显著;而进入新常态阶段后,经济发展对城市宜居性提升具有明显的促进作用。③ 经济发展对城市宜居性的影响还存在门槛效应,随着居民收入水平的提高,其影响效应呈现出显著的倒“N”型门槛特征。当经济发展使职工平均工资处于6万元至8万元时,经济发展能明显提高城市宜居度。经济发展本身对城市宜居性的影响表现出显著的单一门槛抑制效应,但其负向影响呈现出边际效率递减规律。最后,根据本文的研究发现从“宏观指引”和“微观行动”两个层面提出相应的政策启示。
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| 关 键 词： | 经济发展 城市宜居性 系统GMM 收入水平 门槛效应 作用机制 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-08-16 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-03-13 |
The impact of economic development on urban livability: Evidence from 40 large and medium-sized cities of China |
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| WANG Yi,MIAO Zhuanying,LU Yuqi,ZHU Yingming.The impact of economic development on urban livability: Evidence from 40 large and medium-sized cities of China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2022,77(10):2529-2546. |
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| Authors: | WANG Yi MIAO Zhuanying LU Yuqi ZHU Yingming |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Base of Jiangsu Industrial Cluster, School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China2. School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China |
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| Abstract: | Under the background that economy and urbanization of China are gradually entering the stage of high-quality development, clarifying the influence of economic development on urban livability is of significant academic and practical value. In this paper, regarded as one "factor", livability was introduced into the research framework of production function, and a theoretical model of the impact of economic development on urban livability was established. Based on the panel data of 40 cities in China from 2005 to 2019, the System GMM, panel threshold model and other methods were further adopted to carry out an empirical analysis. The results show that: (1) The livability level of large and medium-sized cities in China from 2005 to 2019 has been rising generally, but they present obvious characteristics of dimensional and spatial differentiation. (2) In general, economic development has an inhibiting effect on the improvement of urban livability, but this logical effect shows obvious heterogeneity in different time periods and diverse city scales. This inhibitory effect is more significant for the cities before entering the new normal phase of economy, and large-scale municipalities and economically-developed provincial capitals (namely Class-A cities). (3) There are significant threshold effects in the impact of economic development on urban livability, where the threshold variables are income level and economic development. With the increase of city dwellers' income, this effect presents an inverted N-shaped nonlinear feature. When the development of economy makes the average wage of employees between 60000 and 80000 yuan, economic development can significantly improve urban livability. Also, there is a significant single threshold inhibitory effect when economic development is taken as a threshold variable. However, its negative impact shows a law of diminishing marginal efficiency. In addition, a similar threshold effect is found in smaller-scale Class-B cities. The findings of this research can provide some insights for urban planners and policymakers in both China and vast developing countries to understand better the relationship between economic development and urban livability. Finally, according to the research findings, we proposed the corresponding policy enlightenment from both "macro guidance" and "micro action". |
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| Keywords: | economic development urban livability SYS-GMM method income level threshold effects influencing mechanism |
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