Mapping crustal structure beneath southern Tibet: Seismic evidence for continental crustal underthrusting |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and Plateau Uplift, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany;1. School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;2. Key Laboratory of Geo-detection of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Beijing 100083, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Xianlin Dadao 163, Nanjing 210023, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083 China;3. School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;4. Nanjing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China;5. State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China |
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| Abstract: | Receiver function imaging along a temporary seismic array (ANTILOPE-2) reveals detailed information of the underthrusting of the Indian crust in southern Tibet. The Moho dips northward from ~ 50 km to 80 km beneath the Himalaya terrane, and locally reaches ~ 85 km beneath the Indus–Yalung suture. It remains at ~ 80 km depth across the Lhasa terrane, and shallows to ~ 70 km depth under the Qiangtang terrane. An intra-crustal interface at ~ 60 km beneath the Lhasa terrane can be clearly followed southward through the Main Himalaya Thrust and connects the Main Boundary Thrust at the surface, which represents the border of the Indian crust that is underthrusting until south of the Bangong–Nujiang Suture. A mid-crustal low velocity zone is observed at depths of 14–30 km beneath the Lhasa and Himalaya terranes probably formed by partial melt and/or aqueous fluids. |
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