| 1970—2018年秦岭南北冷季降雪量时空变化及其影响因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 李双双,段克勤,王婷,何锦屏,延军平.1970—2018年秦岭南北冷季降雪量时空变化及其影响因素[J].地理科学,2022,42(1):163-173. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李双双 段克勤 王婷 何锦屏 延军平 |
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| 作者单位： | 陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院，陕西 西安 710119 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41771030);国家自然科学基金项目(41877519);国家自然科学基金项目(41701592);陕西师范大学研究生创新团队项目(TD2020035Y) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于72个气象站点逐日观测数据，对1970/1971—2018/2019年秦岭南北冷季（11月~次年5月）降水类型（降雪、降雨和雨夹雪）进行识别；重点关注降雪时空变化特征，探讨降雪与气温、湿球温度的响应关系；依据“夏季-秋季-冬季”Niño 3.4区海温异常状态，细化4种不同发展过程的厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）事件，分析降雪异常与不同ENSO事件的对应关系。结果表明：① 相比气候平均态（1970—2000年），1990—2018年，秦岭南坡（山地暖温带）降雪量下降了3.1 mm，基本与关中平原降雪量（17.1 mm）持平；② 空间趋势上，低海拔河谷地带降雪量以年代波动为主，山地高海拔地区为降雪下降区；③ 秦岭高山地区气温或湿球温度每升高1.0℃，降雪量分别下降23.1 mm和24.3 mm；从地带性角度分析，由北向南气温或湿球温度每升高1.0℃，秦岭南北降雪量分别下降3.0 mm和2.8 mm；④ 当厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜持续型发生时，关中平原降雪异常偏多；当拉尼娜发展型发生时，秦岭山地和大巴山区降雪异常偏少。当厄尔尼诺发展型发生时，秦岭南北降雪异常呈现“东西分异”，秦岭山地东部和关中平原为降雪异常偏少区。
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| 关 键 词： | 气候变化 降雪 厄尔尼诺 秦岭南北 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-04-15 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-09-12 |
Spatio-temporal Variation of Cold-season Snowfall in the South and North of the Qinling Mountains During 1970-2018 |
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| Li Shuangshuang,Duan Keqin,Wang Ting,He Jinping,Yan Junping.Spatio-temporal Variation of Cold-season Snowfall in the South and North of the Qinling Mountains During 1970-2018[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2022,42(1):163-173. |
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| Authors: | Li Shuangshuang Duan Keqin Wang Ting He Jinping Yan Junping |
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| Institution: | School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China |
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| Abstract: | Snowfall in China has significant uncertainty and spatial differences, and its response to climate change is complex. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance to analyze the characteristics of snowfall along the north-south transition zone of the Qinling Mountains. Based on the daily meteorological data of 72 stations, we analyzed the type of snowfall (rain, snow, and sleet) along the northern and southern boundaries of the Qinling Mountains in the cold season (occurred from November to the following May) during 1970/1971-2018/2019. The study focuses on the spatiotemporal variation of snowfall, and the response relationship between snowfall, air temperature and wet bulb temperature was analyzed. According to the continuous change characteristics of the sea surface temperature anomaly in summer, autumn and winter Niño 3.4, we further identified the 4 types ofdifferent development El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events to reveal that the relationships between different developing ENSO events and snowfall anomalies. The results showed that 1) Snowfall in the north and south of the Qinling Mountains showed a fluctuating deceasing trend in winter. Compared with the average snowfall in 1970-2000, there was a trend that in the south slope of the Qinling Mountains (warm temperate zone) decreased by 3.1 mm in recent 29 years, which was basically equal to the snowfall in the Guanzhong Plain (17.1 mm). 2) Considering the isoline of 1000 m as the dividing boundary, the snowfall in the low-altitude valley (<1000 m) did not show an obvious changing trend, while the snowfall in the high-altitude mountain area (>1000 m) showed a significant decrease. 3) As for the response relationship between snowfall and temperature, the air temperature or wet bulb temperature increased by 1.0℃ from November to March of the second year, and the snowfall in alpine area of the Qinling Mountains decreased by 23.1 mm and 24.3 mm respectively. However, the air temperature or wet bulb temperature increases by 1.0℃ from north to south, the snowfall decrease by 3.0 mm and 2.8 mm in zonality, respectively. 4) The analysis showed that from the perspective of disaster-forming factors, the types of ENSO events affecting the snow anomaly to the north and south of the Qinling Mountains are mainly successive El Niño events. When the successive El Niño/La Niña events occurred, anomalously more snowfall in Guanzhong Plain. When the developing La Niña events occurred, anomalously less snowfall in the Qinling and Dabashan Moutains. When the developing El Niño events occurred, the below normal snowfall in eastern of region and Guanzhong Plain. |
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| Keywords: | climate change snowfall El Niño south and north of the Qinling Mountains |
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