| 从断裂力学观点研究地震的破裂过程和地震预报 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 陈培善,谷继成,李文香.从断裂力学观点研究地震的破裂过程和地震预报[J].地球物理学报,1977,20(3):185-202. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 陈培善 谷继成 李文香 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地球物理研究所 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 把断裂力学中的应变能释放率公式和裂纹错开位移公式运用到地震破裂中来,再用震级-能量公式logεe=α1M+α2,对于走向滑动、倾向滑动和圆盘形剪切破裂找到了震源参数和地壳应力状态之间的内在联系,汇总在表2。对于走滑断层情形,关系式如下: （1） （2） （3） （4）应力降 （5）平均应力 （6）用Mo和L2W求区域应力公式式中,M为震级,L、W为断层长度和宽度,η为地震效率,τ0为区域剪切应力,τy为剪切屈服强度,μ为刚性系数,v为泊松比,为平均位错,M0为地震矩。 利用（6）式或（1）式,在实验室测出地壳状态下屈服强度τy,后,可用地震观测资料算出区域剪切应力τ0。 上述关系式和目前流行的震源参数之间的关系式有很大的差别。原因是以往只考虑了破裂的初态和终态,没有考虑破裂过程。而断裂力学恰恰是考虑了破裂过程。
|
| 关 键 词： | 断裂力学 地震学 破裂过程 地震预报 震级 区域应力 应力降 断层长度 应力强度因子 地震矩 |
| 收稿时间： | 1976-03-09 |
A STUDY OF THE EARTHQUAKE FAULTING PROCESS AND EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION IN THE LIGHT OF FRACTURE MECHANICS |
| |
| CHEN PEI-SHAN,GU JI-CHENG,LI WEN-XIANG.A STUDY OF THE EARTHQUAKE FAULTING PROCESS AND EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION IN THE LIGHT OF FRACTURE MECHANICS[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1977,20(3):185-202. |
| |
| Authors: | CHEN PEI-SHAN GU JI-CHENG LI WEN-XIANG |
| |
| Institution: | Institute of Geophysics, Academia Sinica |
| |
| Abstract: | The formulas of strain energy release rate and crack sliding displacement pro-pesed in fracture mechanics have been used in the study of earthquake faulting process. Then, by applying the magnitude-energy relation, logεe=α1M+α2, the relations between the earthquake source parameters and the stress conditions in the crust, for strike-slip, dip-slip and circular disk-shaped shear faults were derived. The results are summarized in Table 2. For the case of strike-slip fault, they are as follows:（6） The expression for determining regional stress τ0, M0 =where M, magnitude of earthquake; L, W length and width of the fault; tj, seismic efficiency: T0, regional shear stress; τy, yielding shear strength; fi, rigidity modulus; v, Poisson Ratio; D, average dislocation and M0, the seismic moment.The yielding strength under the stress condition prevailing in the crust, can be measured in the laboratory, therefore, by means of （6） or （1）, the regional shear stress can be esyimated from earthquake data. It can be seen that a considerable difference exists between the relations mentioned above and the relations for the earthquake source parameters in current use. It is because, in the latter case, the initial and final stress condition of the fracture are only taken into consideration, whereas in the former case, the fracture process in the light of fracture mechanics has been dealt with. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《地球物理学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《地球物理学报》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
