An assessment of TropFlux and NCEP air-sea fluxes on ROMS simulations over the Bay of Bengal region |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Water Resources, Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands;2. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China;1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, USA;2. USDA-Agriculture Research Service, Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA;3. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada;1. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France;2. CNRS, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France;3. IRD, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France;4. Centre d''Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère (CESBIO), CNES CNRS IRD UPS, OMP, Toulouse, France;5. Météo-France – CNRS, CNRM-GAME UMR 3589, Centre d''Etudes de la Neige, Grenoble, France;6. Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland;7. Gamma Remote Sensing AG, Worbstrasse 225, 3073 Gümligen, Switzerland;8. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, Germany;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Australia;2. Land and Water Division, CSIRO, Australia;3. Department of Infrastructure Engineering, University of Melbourne, Australia;4. Environmental Systems Science Centre & National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Reading, United Kingdom;1. Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing, China;2. Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application, SOA, Beijing, China;3. LOCEAN, Sorbone Universités, UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN, Paris, France;4. Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA;5. NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA;6. National Satellite Ocean Application Service, SOA, Beijing, China;7. National Oceanography Centre, Marine Physics and Ocean Climate, Southampton, UK;1. National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom;2. British Oceanographic Data Centre, National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom;3. Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | This study presents an assessment of the TropFlux and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis air-sea fluxes in simulating the surface and subsurface oceanic parameters over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) region during 2002–2014 using the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS). The assessment has been made by comparing the simulated fields with in-situ and satellite observations. The simulated surface and subsurface temperatures in the TropFlux forced experiment (TropFlux-E) show better agreement with the Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis (RAMA) and Argo observations than the NCEP forced experiment (NCEP-E). The BoB domain averaged sea surface temperature (SST) simulated in the NCEP-E is consistently cooler than the satellite SST, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.79 °C. Moreover, NCEP-E shows a limitation in simulating the observed seasonal cycle of the SST due to substantial underestimation of the pre-monsoon SST peak. These limitations are mostly due to the lower values of the NCEP net heat flux. The seasonal and interannual variations of SST in the TropFlux-E are better comparable to the observations with correlations and skills more than 0.80 and 0.90 respectively. However, SST is overestimated during summer monsoon periods mainly due to higher net heat flux. The superiority of TropFlux forcing over the NCEP reanalysis can also be seen when simulating the interannual variabilities of the magnitude and vertical extent of Wyrtki jets at two equatorial RAMA buoy locations. The jet is weaker in the NCEP-E relative to the TropFlux-E and observations. The simulated sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) from both the experiments are able to capture the regions of positive and negative SSHA with respect to satellite-derived altimeter data with better performance in the TropFlux-E. The speed of the westward propagating Rossby wave along 18°N in the TropFlux-E is found to be about 4.7 cm/s, which is close to the theoretical phase speed of Rossby waves. |
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| Keywords: | Bay of Bengal ROMS TropFlux NCEP Argo RAMA Wyrtki Jet |
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