Ground deformation modeling of flank dynamics prior to the 2002 eruption of Mt. Etna |
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| Authors: | Alessandro Bonforte Salvatore Gambino Francesco Guglielmino Francesco Obrizzo Mimmo Palano Giuseppe Puglisi |
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| Institution: | (1) Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Catania, Piazza Roma 2, 95123 Catania, Italy;(2) Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Oss. Vesuviano, v. Diocleziano 328, 80124 Napoli, Italy |
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| Abstract: | On 22 September 2002, 1 month before the beginning of the flank eruption on the NE Rift, an M-3.7 earthquake struck the northeastern
part of Mt. Etna, on the westernmost part of the Pernicana fault. In order to investigate the ground deformation pattern associated
with this event, a multi-disciplinary approach is presented here. Just after the earthquake, specific GPS surveys were carried
out on two small sub-networks, aimed at monitoring the eastern part of the Pernicana fault, and some baselines belonging to
the northeastern EDM monitoring network of Mt. Etna were measured. The leveling route on the northeastern flank of the volcano
was also surveyed. Furthermore, an investigation using SAR interferometry was performed and also the continuous tilt data
recorded at a high precision sensor close to the epicenter were analyzed to constrain the coseismic deformation. The results
of the geodetic surveys show a ground deformation pattern that affects the entire northeastern flank of the volcano, clearly
shaped by the Pernicana fault, but too strong and wide to be related only to an M-3.7 earthquake. Leveling and DInSAR data
highlight a local strong subsidence, up to 7 cm, close to the Pernicana fault. Significant displacements, up to 2 cm, were
also detected on the upper part of the NE Rift and in the summit craters area, while the displacements decrease at lower altitude,
suggesting that the dislocation did not continue further eastward. Three-dimensional GPS data inversions have been attempted
in order to model the ground deformation source and its relationship with the volcano plumbing system. The model has also
been constrained by vertical displacements measured by the leveling survey and by the deformation map obtained by SAR interferometry. |
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| Keywords: | Ground deformation Modeling Flank dynamics Volcano-tectonics Pernicana fault Mt Etna volcano |
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