Explosive volcanism during the Holocene in the Upper Limay River Basin: The effects of ashfalls on human societies,Northern Patagonia,Argentina |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Cologne, Institute of Geography, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923 Cologne, Germany;2. Área de Prehistoria, Departamento de Ciencias Históricas y Geografía, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, E-09001 Burgos, Spain;3. Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Paseo Sierra de Atapuerca s/n, E-09002 Burgos, Spain;4. Neanderthal Museum, Talstr. 300, 40822 Mettmann, Germany;5. University of Cologne, Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923 Cologne, Germany;6. Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, 1 Mills Road, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia;7. Laboratorio de Estudios Paleolíticos, Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Paseo Senda del Rey, 7. Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | In order to understand human response to Holocene ashfall events, tephra layers found in archaeological sites along the upper Limay River basin, Northern Patagonia, Argentina were bracketed with radiocarbon dates and correlated with tephra from a lacustrine sediment core and from outcrops and the archaeological evidence was analyzed.A dark tephra associated with seismic activity was identified in the El Trébol rockshelter filling interstices between fallen blocks together with remains of human activity and bones of extinct fauna, marking a seismo-volcanic event occurring between 11 758 and 12 866 cal yr BP. This same seismic event affected the Cuyín Manzano site, where the roof collapse made the site uninhabitable for a time. A white tephra, present in Epullán Grande, Epullán Chica and Traful I caves is correlated with Nahuel Huapi tephra (NHT), equivalent to Laya's Río Blanco and Río Pereyra members, (Río Pireco Formation). NHT is considered to have been derived from the same eruptive event, with dates ranging between ca. 1950–2500 cal yr BP. A dark tephra from Ortega's cave and several tephra from Puerto Tranquilo I rockshelter ranging between 521 and 2069 cal yr BP show how the mobile hunters–gatherers of Northern Patagonia were able to cope with the changing circumstances. |
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