| 印度季风的年际变化与高原夏季旱涝 |
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| 引用本文： | 周顺武,假拉.印度季风的年际变化与高原夏季旱涝[J].高原气象,2003,22(4):410-415. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周顺武 假拉 |
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| 作者单位： | 西藏自治区气象台,西藏,拉萨,850001 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国气象局"印度季风与西藏高原夏季降水"项目,国家科技攻关项目(96 908 05 04)专题资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据NCEP／NCAR再分析资料和海表面温度距平资料,分析了西藏高原夏季降水5个多、少雨年春、夏季印度洋850hPa、200hPa合成风场和合成海温场,发现多、少雨年前期与同期印度洋高、低空风场和海温场均存在明显差异,主要表现为高原夏季降水偏多(少)年印度夏季风偏强(弱),在850hPa合成风场上印度半岛维持西(东)风距平,西印度洋—东非沿岸为南(北)风距平,夏季阿拉伯海区和孟加拉湾出现反气旋(气旋)距平环流;200hPa合成风场上印度半岛维持东(西)风距平,南亚高压偏强(弱),索马里沿岸为南(北)风距平。印度夏季风异常与夏季印度洋海温距平的纬向分布型有密切联系。当夏季海温场出现西冷(暖)东暖(冷)的分布型时,季风偏强(弱),高原降水普遍偏多(少)。相关分析指出,索马里赤道海区的风场异常与高原夏季降水的关系最为密切,在此基础上我们定义了一个索马里急流越赤道气流指数,用它识别高原夏季旱涝的能力较之目前普遍使用的印度季风指数有了明显的提高。
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| 关 键 词： | 印度季风 年际变化 高原夏季旱涝 越赤道气流 合成分析方法 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0534(2003)04-0410-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002年3月7日 |
Interannual Variation of Indian Monsoon and Summer Flood/Drought over Tibetan Plateau |
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| Abstract: | Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) of U. K. Meteorological Office, 200, 850 hPa composite wind fields and SST anomaly pattern of India Ocean for five more and less rainfall years over the Tibetan Plateau are analyzed. It is found that there are obvious differences in the Indian Ocean high, low level wind fields and sea temperature field at the same period and before it between more and less rain years. Namely Indian Peninsula maitains west(east) wind anomaly at 850 hPa composite wind fields; West Indian Ocean-the coast of East Africa, south(north) wind anomaly; Arabia Sea and the Bay of Bengal, anticyclonic(cyclonic) anomaly circulation wind fields in the Plateau more(less) rainfall years. Indian Peninsula maitains east(west) wind anomaly at 200 hPa composite wind field; South Asia high, strong(weak), the coast of Somali, south(north) wind anomaly. It means that the Indian summer monsoon is strong(weak). Indian summer monsoon anomaly has good relation to the zonal distribution pattern of SSTA. When summer SSTA appears the pattern with cold(warm) in the west and warm(cold) in the east, summer monsoon is strong(weak) and Plateau precipitation is obviouly more(less) than usual. The results show that the summer rainfall over Tibetan Plateau is closly related to Somali cross\|equatorial flow (SSCI). SSCI is found to reflect well the interannual variation of summer flood/drought over Tibetan Plateau. |
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| Keywords: | Summer flood/drought over Plateau Indian summer monsoon Cross-equatorial flow |
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