| 大气流场的拓扑结构 |
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| 引用本文： | 梁福明,时少英,刘式达,刘式适,付遵涛,辛国君.大气流场的拓扑结构[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(4):584-589. |
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| 作者姓名： | 梁福明 时少英 刘式达 刘式适 付遵涛 辛国君 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京大学物理学院大气科学系,北京,100871;北京大学物理学院大气科学系,北京,100871;北京大学湍流与复杂系统研究国家重点实验室,北京,100871 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目 ( 4 0 0 3 5 0 10 ,40 3 0 5 0 0 6)，科学技术部科研院所社会公益专项基金项目 ( 2 0 0 2DIB2 0 0 70 ) |
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| 摘 要： | 用简化的大气运动方程，定性分析了大气中几种常见天气系统流场的拓扑结构. 研究表明，气旋反气旋流场与中心点附近的流形相对应；长波演化形成阻塞高压流场，与鞍点和中心点从合并到分离的流形相对应；台风和龙卷风的流场与三维空间中鞍-焦点附近的流形相对应. 研究大气流场的拓扑结构，可以直观清晰地揭示大气运动的形态和形成机理，有助于认识大气运动的规律. 文中讨论基于一定假设，结果与实际大气有差异，因而具有局限性.
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| 关 键 词： | 大气流场 流函数 拓扑结构 平衡点 鞍-焦点 |
| 文章编号： | 0001-5733(2004)04-0584-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2003-9-12 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004-2-22 |
Topological structures of the atmospheric flow fields |
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| LIANG Fu-Ming SHI Shao-Ying LIU Shi-Da , LIU Shi-Kuo FU Zun-Tao , XIN Guo-Jun School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing ,China State Key Laboratory for Studies of Turbulence and Complex Systems,Peking University,Beijing ,China.Topological structures of the atmospheric flow fields[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(4):584-589. |
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| Authors: | LIANG Fu-Ming SHI Shao-Ying LIU Shi-Da LIU Shi-Kuo FU Zun-Tao XIN Guo-Jun School of Physics Peking University Beijing China State Key Laboratory for Studies of Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing China |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing100871, China 2 State Key Laboratory for Studies of Turbulence and Complex Systems, Peking University, Beijing100871, China |
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| Abstract: | We study qualitively topological structures of some common flow fields in the atmosphere based on different simplifications and assumptions of fundamental equations. Results show that the streamlines of cyclones and anticyclones on the 2-D isobaric surface are similar to the manifold of a centric point (or elliptic point), The flow fields of typhoon and tornado are similar to the manifolds of saddle-focus points in 3-D space. When the atmospheric long wave evolves and blocking high appears, the manifold corresponds to the case while a saddle and a center point changes from coalescence to separation. The topological analyses of these flow fields are clearly intuitive and do help understand the patterns formation of atmospheric motion and the underlying mechanisms. Differences between the theoretical results and the real behavior of the atmospheric flow are due to the simplifications and assumptions we made, so our results have some Limitations. |
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| Keywords: | Atmospheric flow field Stream function Topological structure Equilibrium point Saddle-focus point |
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