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High-altitude data assimilation system experiments for the northern summer mesosphere season of 2007
Authors:Stephen D Eckermann  Karl W Hoppel  Lawrence Coy  John P McCormack  David E Siskind  Kim Nielsen  Andrew Kochenash  Michael H Stevens  Christoph R Englert  Werner Singer  Mark Hervig
Institution:1. Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA;2. Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA;3. Computational Physics, Inc., Springfield, VA, USA;4. Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Kühlungsborn, Germany;5. GATS, Inc., Driggs, ID, USA;1. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, USA;2. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, USA;3. University of Rostock, Kuehlungsborn, Germany;4. University of Rostock, Kuehlungsborn, Germany;5. University of Colorado, Boulder, USA;1. Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;2. Computational Physics Inc., Boulder, CO 80301, USA;3. Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA;1. Institute of Physics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 6, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;2. GATS Inc., Driggs, ID83422, USA;3. Formerly Institute of Physics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University of Greifswald, Germany;1. Institute of Environmental Systems Research, School of Mathematics/Computer Science, Osnabrück University, Barbarastr. 12, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany;2. Institute of Physics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 6, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;3. Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Ringlaan-3-Avenue Circulaire, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium;1. Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA;2. Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Leopoldshafen, Germany;3. School of Physics, Astronomy and Computational Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA;4. Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Physics and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA;5. Center for Atmospheric Sciences, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA;6. Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden;1. Center for Space Science and Engineering Research, Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Virginia, USA;2. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;3. Atmospheric and Planetary Science, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA;4. National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan;1. Key Laboratory of Planetary Sciences, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, PR China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China;3. Department of Geomatics Engineering, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak 67100, Turkey
Abstract:A global numerical weather prediction system is extended to the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) and used to assimilate high-altitude satellite measurements of temperature, water vapor and ozone from MLS and SABER during May–July 2007. Assimilated temperature and humidity from 100 to 0.001 hPa show minimal biases compared to satellite data and existing analysis fields. Saturation ratios derived diagnostically from these assimilated temperature and water vapor fields at PMC altitudes and latitudes compare well with seasonal variations in PMC frequency measured from the aeronomy of ice in the mesosphere (AIM) satellite. Synoptic maps of these diagnostic saturation ratios correlate geographically with three independent transient mesospheric cloud events observed at midlatitudes by SHIMMER on STPSat-1 and by ground observers during June 2007. Assimilated temperatures and winds reveal broadly realistic amplitudes of the quasi 5-day wave and migrating tides as a function of latitude and height. For example, analyzed winds capture the dominant semidiurnal MLT wind patterns at 55°N in June 2007 measured independently by a meteor radar. The 5-day wave and migrating diurnal tide also modulate water vapor mixing ratios in the polar summer MLT. Possible origins of this variability are discussed.
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