| 广东省乡村类型划分及乡村性评价的时空变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 梁中雅,冯艳芬.广东省乡村类型划分及乡村性评价的时空变化[J].热带地理,2016,36(6):995-1004. |
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| 作者姓名： | 梁中雅 冯艳芬 |
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| 作者单位： | （广州大学 地理科学学院，广州 510006） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2013BAJ13B01） |
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| 摘 要： | 为认识广东省乡村类型及乡村发展程度，依据产业的 GDP 比重划分广东省乡村发展类型，构建广东省乡村性评价的指标体系，测算了广东省内 67 个县级区域在 2001、2005、2009 及 2013 年的乡村性指数并划分乡村性强度，分析得出了近 10 a 广东省乡村发展的时空变化特点。结果表明：1）广东省乡村类型可划分为农业主导型、工业主导型、商旅服务型及均衡发展型，均衡发展型乡村面积在各年份中所占比例均最大，农业主导型乡村面积在逐年减少，工业主导型乡村呈波动变化状态，商旅服务型乡村则发展较平稳；2）广东省各县域的乡村性指数均值都在下降，从 2001 年的 0.60 下降至 2013 年的 0.34，均值最低的为工业主导型乡村，最高的为农业主导型乡村，变化最大的是均衡发展型乡村；3）广东省乡村性强度可划分为弱、较弱、中等、较强、强 5 个等级，近 10 a 中，弱与较弱等级乡村面积在大幅增加，中等强度的乡村呈先增加后减少趋势，较强等级乡村则大幅减少，而强等级的乡村则逐渐消失；4）各类型乡村的乡村性强度变化有所差异，农业主导型与工业主导型的强度变化均为稳步下降，商旅服务型的强度则经历了稳定阶段后再下降，均衡发展型的强度下降变化较大。
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| 关 键 词： | 乡村类型 乡村性指数 乡村性评价 乡村性强度 广东省 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-03-25 |
Rural Development Types and the Spatio-temporal Changes of Rurality in Guangdong Province |
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| LIANG Zhongya,FENG Yanfen.Rural Development Types and the Spatio-temporal Changes of Rurality in Guangdong Province[J].Tropical Geography,2016,36(6):995-1004. |
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| Authors: | LIANG Zhongya FENG Yanfen |
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| Institution: | （School of Geographical Sciences，Guangzhou University，Guangzhou 510006，China） |
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| Abstract: | This paper combines the relation theories of regional economics, development economics mathematical model, the theory of regional sustainable development and human geography, and takes the Guangdong Province as the research object and its 67 cities as research units. The data is collected from Guangdong Province Statistical Yearbook. According to the industry GDP of Guangdong Province, this paper classifies the rural development types. By establishing the rurality evaluation index system and using the method of analyzing the relevant regional economy,mathematical model analysis method, and ArcGIS, this research estimates the rurality index (RI) about 67 counties area of Guangdong Province in 2001, 2005, 2009 and 2013, and then divides the counties into five types by the degree of rurality index. Currently, both rural development and urban development in China are experiencing a transition period. Assessing the rurality and making the development direction clearer is helpful to promote the balancing urban-rural development and new countryside constructions. This article masters the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of rural development in Guangdong Province in recent 10 years. Furthermore, the authors try to analyze the causation of spatial differentiation of rurality. Rural development depends on the change of its influencing factors, such as social and economic development, the changes of population structure, opening to the outside. So, the rural development types classified in this paper cannot always keep the same situation, at least the quantitative change occurs momently. The results showed: Firstly, the 67 counties in Guangdong Province are divided into four types of rural development: agricultural leading rural, industrial leading rural, service leading rural and balanced development rural. Among them, the balanced developmental rural areas in each year is the largest, agricultural leading rural areas reduce year by year, industry leading areas is in the state of fluctuation change, business travel service rural areas is relatively stable. Secondly, the average of rurality index (RI) of each county of Guangdong Province fall down from 0.60 in 2001 to 0.34 in 2013, the lowest rurality index for industry leading country, the highest for agricultural leading country, the biggest change is balanced developing country. Thirdly, this article divides the counties of Guangdong Province into five types such as the weakest rurality, weaker rurality, moderate rurality, stronger rurality and the strongest rurality. In recent 10 years, the area of the weakest rurality and weaker rurality countries are greatly increased, the area of moderate rurality countries are increased and then it shows a declining trend, stronger rurality countries reduce greatly, while the strongest rurality countries gradually disappear. Fourthly, the changes of rurality index level of rural development types differs from each other, among them, the agricultural leading and industry leading countries decrease steadily, the travel service leading countries experience a steady stage and then fall down, the balanced developing countries decrease considerably. |
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| Keywords: | rural development types rurality index rurality evaluation rurality level Guangdong Province |
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