| 前散式和透射式能见度仪的综合观测试验及对比分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王惠颖,祖繁,袁成松,包云轩,吴泓,褚进华.前散式和透射式能见度仪的综合观测试验及对比分析[J].气象科学,2022,42(2):225-234. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王惠颖 祖繁 袁成松 包云轩 吴泓 褚进华 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学 气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044;中国气象局交通气象重点开放实验室, 南京 210041;中国气象局上海物资管理处, 上海 200050 |
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| 基金项目： | 交通运输行业重点科技项目(2018-MS4-102);江苏省气象局北极阁基金项目(BJG201701);江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2015732);国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306043);中国气象局气象探测中心观测试验项目(RWS-SY2022032) |
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| 摘 要： | 通过在野外观测基地和能见度计量检测实验室开展的前散式和透射式能见度仪对比观测试验,获取了能见度和其他气象与环境要素的同步观测数据,分析了不同大气环境条件下能见度测量值差异及其产生原因。结果表明:在能见度环境模拟舱内,两种能见度仪的测量值具有较好的一致性,但在自然环境中,两种能见度仪的测量值差异随能见度上升而快速增大。在不同天气现象出现时,前向散射仪与大气透射仪的测量值比值(VIS_(FS)/VIS_(T))规律性变化明显,总体呈现随能见度上升而增大的趋势。无降水时,低湿情况下大气颗粒物吸收作用明显,透射能见度仪测量值远小于前散能见度仪测量值,两者均随PM_(2.5)质量浓度的增加而下降,且其差异也随之减小;高湿情况下大气颗粒物的散射作用在大气消光中占绝对优势,两种能见度仪测量值趋近。
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| 关 键 词： | 水平能见度 大气透射仪 前向散射仪 天气现象 颗粒物浓度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/10/15 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/11/29 0:00:00 |
Comprehensive observation experiment and comparative analysis of the forward scattering visibility meter and atmospheric transmission visibility meter |
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| WANG Huiying,ZU Fan,YUAN Chengsong,BAO Yunxuan,WU Hong,CHU Jinhua.Comprehensive observation experiment and comparative analysis of the forward scattering visibility meter and atmospheric transmission visibility meter[J].Scientia Meteorologica Sinica,2022,42(2):225-234. |
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| Authors: | WANG Huiying ZU Fan YUAN Chengsong BAO Yunxuan WU Hong CHU Jinhua |
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| Institution: | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology, Jiangsu Institute of Meteorological Science, Nanjing 210041, China; Shanghai Supply and Delivery Division, China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai 200050, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the comparative observation experiment of the forward scattering visibility meter and the atmospheric transmission visibility meter carried out in field observation base and the visibility measurement and testing laboratory, the observational data of visibilities and other meteorological and environmental data were obtained during simultaneous observations.The differencesof visibility measurementbetween two visibility meters and mechanism behind under different atmospheric conditions werefurther discussed.The results show thatthe observational results obtained from the two visibility meters had good consistency in the visibility environment simulation cabin, while the difference between the twovisibility meters increased rapidly with the increase of visibility in natural environments. Moreover, significant regular changesof the ratio ofthe measured values of the forward scattering visibility meter and the atmospheric transmission visibility meter (VISFS/VIST) were seenunder different atmospheric conditions, i.e.the ratio generally increased with the increase of visibility.When there was no precipitation, the absorption coefficient of atmospheric particulate matter under low humidity conditions was not negligible, and it was manifested that the measured value ofthe transmission visibility meter was much smaller than that ofthe forward scattering visibility meter. The measured values of the two visibility meters both decreased with the increase of the PM2.5 mass concentration, and their differences were also gradually reduced simultaneously.The scattering coefficient of atmospheric particulate matter under high humidity conditions had an absolute advantage in atmospheric extinction, leading to close measured value of the two kinds of the visibility meter. |
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| Keywords: | horizontal visibility atmospheric transmission visibility meter forward scattering meter weather phenomenon particulate matter concentration |
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