| 新冠疫情影响下全球对流层臭氧变化特征研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 侯雪伟,朱彬.新冠疫情影响下全球对流层臭氧变化特征研究进展[J].气候与环境研究,2023,28(1):103-116. |
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| 作者姓名： | 侯雪伟 朱彬 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害教育部重点实验室，南京 210044 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目42021004，国家重点研发计划项目2022YFC3701204 |
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| 摘 要： | 自2020年新冠疫情(COVID-19)爆发以来，各地进行了不同程度的人员流动限制或封控，致使全球范围内氮氧化物(NOx)、二氧化硫(SO2)、一氧化氮(CO)、细颗粒物(PM2.5)等大气污染物浓度均大幅度降低，而作为二次污染物的臭氧(O3)在各地区却表现出复杂的变化特征，成为研究热点。本研究总结了近两年该方向的研究成果，阐明了COVID-19期间对流层O3及其前体物的变化特征、变化机制及其可能存在的潜在环境效应。COVID-19严控期，全球人为NOx排放下量降了至少15%，特别是高人为活动影响区，下降了18%～25%，部分高污染地区(挥发性有机物敏感区)近地层NOx的减少量达50%以上。NOx的减少导致NO对O3的滴定作用减弱，使得该类高污染地区O3增加(10%～50%)。而偏远地区及自由对流层O3主要受NOx控制，NOx...
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| 关 键 词： | 新冠疫情 氮氧化物 对流层臭氧 臭氧控制区 未来变化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-21 |
Progress of Research on Global Tropospheric Ozone Variation Characteristics during COVID-19 Pandemic |
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| Xuewei HOU,Bin ZHU.Progress of Research on Global Tropospheric Ozone Variation Characteristics during COVID-19 Pandemic[J].Climatic and Environmental Research,2023,28(1):103-116. |
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| Authors: | Xuewei HOU Bin ZHU |
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| Institution: | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change, Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044 |
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| Abstract: | Restriction measures against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused atmospheric trace species to change, especially in relation to air pollution. This severe pollutant emission reduction phenomenon during the pandemic led to intensive studies on its behavior. Most studies evidence a decrease in all pollutants except for O3. However, is this highlighted O3 trend a global trend? This study summarized the research results in the past two years and explored the characteristics, mechanisms, and potential environmental effects of tropospheric O3 and its precursors during the COVID-19 pandemic. During lockdown periods, global anthropogenic NOx emissions decreased by at least 15%; especially, those in high-anthropogenic areas decreased by 18%–25%. In some highly polluted areas volatile organic compound (VOC)-sensitive areas], NOx emissions on the ground decreased by more than 50%. NOx reduction led to the weakened titration effect of NO on O3, leading to an increase in O3 in such highly polluted areas (10%–50%). However, O3 in remote areas and free troposphere (NOx-sensitive areas) decreased, attributed to NOx reduction and regional transmission effect. During the strict control period of the pandemic, surface O3 was still increasing in most cities in China with significantly decreased NOx concentration, indicating that the effective way to control surface O3 concentration in urban areas in China is controlling O3 precursors based on the sensitive area of O3 chemical generation. However, the drastic change in NOx in each region could change the sensitive area of O3 chemical generation, leading to a change in O3 production efficiency. However, due to the lack of VOC emission measurement and their atmospheric concentration, there are still great uncertainties in the trend and main controlling factors of O3 in each region. In the future, the characteristics of O3 in different regions and corresponding O3 regulation strategies influenced by COVID-19 and global warming are also worthy of further study. |
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