| 深水等深流与重力流交互作用沉积（2000—2022年）研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 李华,何明薇,邱春光,王英民,何幼斌,徐艳霞,何瑞武.深水等深流与重力流交互作用沉积（2000—2022年）研究进展[J].沉积学报,2023,41(1):18-36. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李华 何明薇 邱春光 王英民 何幼斌 徐艳霞 何瑞武 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.长江大学地球科学学院, 武汉 430100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目42272113国家自然科学基金项目42272115国家科技重大专项2017ZX05032-002-003湖北省自然科学基金项目2020CFB745地质资源与地质工程一流学科开放基金项目2019KFJJ0818010 |
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| 摘 要： | 等深流与重力流在深水环境中较为常见,两者在地质历史时期中可存在相互作用进而形成交互作用沉积。结合近20年研究成果,对深水等深流与重力流交互作用的沉积类型、鉴别标志、形成机理及地质意义进行了总结。1）等深流与重力流交互作用沉积可分为等深流与重力流沉积互层、等深流改造重力流及等深流与重力流同时作用沉积。2）等深流沉积和重力流沉积的有效鉴别是等深流与重力流沉积互层沉积研究的前提。3）等深流改造重力流沉积发育重力流和牵引流沉积构造,双向交错层理最为典型；常具顺斜坡向下及大致平行斜坡的两个水流方向；概率累积曲线呈1~3段式等特征。4）等深流与重力流同时作用沉积主要发育单向迁移水道、不对称的水道—堤岸体系及偏转型朵叶。5）交互作用形成过程主要受等深流与重力流相对能量大小的影响。当重力流活跃时,发育重力流沉积,在重力流末期及间歇期,等深流沉积发育,进而形成重力流与等深流沉积互层。等深流能量较强时,可改造重力流沉积,形成等深流改造重力流沉积。高能等深流在重力流能量较弱时,可对重力流沉积物进行横向搬运,形成迁移水道、不对称水道—堤岸体系及偏转型朵叶。6）主要问题及下一步的主攻方向主要包括四个方面:①重视综合研究,增加实例分析；②完善鉴别标志,推广研究成果；③多方法、多尺度、多条件、多维度综合探讨交互作用沉积过程及主控因素；④加强油气勘探潜力、古环境演化及地质灾害预防等方面的研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 等深流 等深流沉积 重力流 浊流 海底扇 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-10 |
Research Processes on Deep-water Interaction Between Contour Current and Gravity Flow Deposits, 2000 to 2022 |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China2.CNOOC Research Institute Ltd. , Beijing 100028, China3.CNOOC International Company Limited, Beijing 100028, China4.China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China5.Linpan Oil Production Plant, Shengli Oil Field, Dezhou, Shandong 251507, China |
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| Abstract: | Contours current and gravity flow are common hydrodynamic forces in deep-water environments, which can affect each other and form interaction deposits. Based on the latest research, sedimentary type, identification marker, formation mechanism, and geological significance of the interaction between contour currents and gravity flow deposits had been summarized. （1） Interaction between contour currents and gravity flow deposits could been divided into interbedded contourite and turbidite, contour current reworked gravity flow deposits, and interaction of synchronous contour and turbidity currents； （2） Effective identifications of contourites and gravity flow deposits are the foundation of research on interbedded contourites and turbidites. （3） Gravity flow and tractive current structures are developed in contour current reworked gravity flow deposits, especially bi-directional cross bedding. There are two directions in the flow system； one is parallel to slope, and the other one is perpendicular to slope. One-, bipartie-, tripartite subdivisions on the cumulative frequency curves, etc. （4） Unidirectionally migrating channels, asymmetric channel-levee systems, and deflected lobes are formed by the interaction of synchronous contour and turbidity currents. （5） Formation mechanisms are primarily discussed based on the relative energy of contour current and gravity flow. Gravity flow deposits are favored when gravity flows are active. In contrast, contourites are developed during last- and intermittent-periods of gravity flow, which may result in interbedded contourites and gravity flow deposits. Contour currents can rework gravity flow deposits when the contour current has relative higher energy and lead to contour current reworked gravity flow deposits. Unidirectionally migrating channels, asymmetric channel-levee systems, and deflected lobes can be formed when the contour current is strong, and gravity flow is weak； the contour current is sufficient to laterally carry the gravity flow sediment. （6） The facing problem and direction of work on the interaction between contour current and gravity flow in the future were proposed as fallows: （1） Focus on comprehensive research and add examples. （2） Perfect identification marks and popularize research results. （3） Comprehensive discussion on processes and main controlling factors by Multi-methods, -scales, -conditions, and-dimensions. （4） Reinforce work potential of hydrocarbon exploration, paleoenvironment evolution, and geological hazard precautions. |
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