Hydrothermal petroleum of Lake Chapala,Citala Rift,western Mexico: Bitumen compositions from source sediments and application of hydrous pyrolysis |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guadalajara – CUCEI, Ap. Postal 4-021, Guadalajara, Jalisco, CP 44410, Mexico;2. Environmental and Petroleum Geochemistry Group, College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, COAS Admin. Building 104, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;1. Institute for Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN/PRP-ENV/SERIS), Laboratory of Bioavailability, Biogeochemistry and Transfer of Radionuclides (L2BT), Cadarache, Bat. 183, BP 3, 13115 Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France;2. French Agency for Radioactive Waste Management (Andra), Parc de la Croix Blanche, 1-7, Rue Jean Monnet, 92298 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France;1. Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chengdu 610081, China;2. Key Laboratory for Sedimentary Basin and Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Land and Resources, Chengdu 610081, China;1. Laboratoire D’Etudes et de Recherches sur le MAtériau Bois, 27 Rue Philippe Seguin, 88000 Epinal, France;2. Agence De L’Environnement et de La Maîtrise de L’Energie, 20 Avenue Du Grésillé, 49004 Angers Cedex 01, France;3. UMR EEF (PTEF) Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique, Rue D’Amance, 54280 Champenoux, France;1. Departamento de Ingeniería Minera y Energética, Universidad de Huelva, La Rábida, Huelva 21819, Spain;2. CARBOZULIA, Avenida 2 No. 55-185, Casa Mene Grande, Maracaibo 4002 A, Venezuela;3. Postgrado de Geología Petrolera, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 10482, Venezuela;4. PDVSA, Calle 77, Edificio PDVSA 5 de Julio, Maracaibo 4002, Venezuela;5. Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain;1. Department of Physics and Astronomy – University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy;2. National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN) – Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy;3. Department of Chemistry – University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy |
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| Abstract: | Hydrothermal simulation experiments were performed with contemporary sediments from Lake Chapala to assess the source of the lake tars. The precursor-product relationships of the organic compounds were determined for the source sediments and their hydrous pyrolysis products. The pyrolysis products contained major unresolved complex mixtures of branched and cyclic hydrocarbons, low amounts of n-alkanes, dinosterane, gammacerane, and immature and mature hopane biomarkers derived from lacustrine biomass sources. The results support the proposal that the tar manifestations in the lake are not biodegraded petroleum, but were hydrothermally generated from lacustrine organic matter at temperatures not exceeding about 250 °C over brief geological times. |
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