Wind stress forcing of the North Sea 'pole tide' |
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| Authors: | William P O'Connor Benjamin Fong Chao Dawei Zheng & Andrew Y Au |
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| Institution: | NOAA/NOS Coast Survey Development Laboratory, N/CS13, 1315 East–West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910–3282, USA,;Space Geodesy Branch, Code 926, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. E-mail:;, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China,;Raytheon ITSS, Lanham, MD 20706, USA |
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| Abstract: | We conduct numerical simulations of the wind forcing of sea level variations in the North Sea using a barotropic ocean model with realistic geography and bathymetry to examine the forcing of the 14 month 'pole tide', which is known to be anomalously large along the Denmark–Netherlands coast. The simulation input is the monthly mean surface wind stress field from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis for the 40 year period 1958–1997. The ocean model output sea level response is then compared with 10 coastal tide gauge records from the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) over the same period of time. Besides the strong seasonal variations, several prominent quasi-periodicities exist near 7 years, 3 years, 14 months, 9 months and 6.5 months. Correlations and spectral analyses show remarkable agreement between the model output and the observations, particularly in the 14 month, or Chandler, period band. The latter indicates that the enhanced pole tide found in the North Sea along the Denmark–Netherlands coast is actually the coastal set-up response to wind stress forcing with a periodicity of around 14 months. We find no need to invoke a geophysical explanation involving resonance enhancement of the pole tide in the North Sea to explain the observations. |
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| Keywords: | Chandler wobble North Sea pole tide sea level tides winds |
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