A qualitative study of seismic-ionospheric precursor phenomena monitored by a very close to the epicenter VLF and LF receiver |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece;2. Department of Surveying & Geodesy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece;1. School of Criminology and Criminal Justice and Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia;2. Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety – Queensland (CARRSQ), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia;3. International Centre for Comparative Criminology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada;1. Sprott School of Business, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, 810 Dunton Tower, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada;2. Department of Management (MSC 3DJ), College of Business, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA;1. School of Nursing, China Capital Medical University, China;2. Xuan Wu Hospital, China Capital Medical University, China;1. Indian Centre for Space Physics, 43 Chalantika, Garia St. Road, Kolkata 700084, India;2. Amity University, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Rajarhat, New Town, Kolkata 700135, India;3. Hayakawa Institute of Seismo Electromagnetics Co. Ltd., UEC Alliance Center, 521, 1-1-1 Kojma-cho, Chofu Tokyo 182-0026, Japan;4. Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380 009, India;1. School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China;2. Department of Nursing, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China |
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| Abstract: | This work investigates the occurrence of disturbances across a wide range of VLF and LF frequencies received prior to a seismic event (Mw = 4), that took place on May 12th 2012, the epicenter of which was very close (14 km) to the VLF/LF station. The signals analyzed were emitted from five VLF and five LF European transmitters. This seismic event produced precursory ionospheric disturbances, identified as spectral distortion, three days before its occurrence, providing a distinct pattern open to further investigation. Although the basis of the ionosphere interaction with seismic phenomena has been well documented in previous studies, the close proximity of the receiver to the seismic event provides a new perspective to this study. The monitored signals have undergone normalization and then they have been processed by means of the Hilbert-Huang Transform. Diagrams of the signals relevant to the phenomena are presented and the disturbances that are present in the raw data are accentuated through further processing. |
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| Keywords: | Earthquake precursors Hilbert-Huang Transform Seismic-ionospheric coupling Local effect to receiver |
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