Extreme irgarol tolerance in an Ulva lactuca L. population on the Swedish west coast |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China;2. Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China |
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| Abstract: | The herbicide irgarol 1051 is commonly used on ship hulls to prevent growth of algae, but as a component of self-eroding paints it can also spread in the surrounding waters and affect non-target organisms. The effect of irgarol on settlement and growth of zoospores from the marine macro algae Ulva lactuca from the Gullmar fjord on the Swedish west coast was investigated in the present study. The zoospores were allowed to settle and grow in the presence of irgarol, but neither settlement – nor growth inhibition was observed at concentrations of up to 2000 nmol l?1. This is between 10 and 100 times higher than effect concentrations reported earlier for algae. Irgarol also induced the greening effect (4-fold increase in chlorophyll a content) in the settled zoospore/germling population, typical for photosystem II inhibitors like irgarol. This study support previous findings that irgarol constitutes a selection pressure in the marine environment. |
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| Keywords: | Irgarol 1051 Cybutryne The Gullmar fjord Antifouling Spore settlement Resistance |
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