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| 黄土丘陵区地表水和地下水对降水的响应——以康沟小流域为例 | |
| 引用本文： | 党丽娟,徐勇,徐学选.黄土丘陵区地表水和地下水对降水的响应——以康沟小流域为例[J].地理科学进展,2011,30(1):87-94. |
| 作者姓名： | 党丽娟 徐勇 徐学选 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京100101; 2. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京100049; 3. 中国科学院水土保持研究所, 杨陵712100 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(40771086)；国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD09B10). |
| 摘 要： | 以"退耕还林"为主体的黄土丘陵区生态环境建设在过去10年来取得了显著成效.为揭示"退耕还林"政策实施以来黄土丘陵区的降水与地表水和地下水的关系,本文以延安康沟流域为例,根据1997-2006年延安站的逐日气象数据和康沟流域地表径流、泉水、井水水位实测水文数据,以及康沟流域地形地貌和土地利用等资料,利用相关分析法分析了康... |
| 关 键 词： | 降水 地表径流 泉水 井水 康沟流域 黄土丘陵区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-10-01 |
| 修稿时间： | 2011-01-01 |
Responses of the Surface Water and Groundwater to Precipitation in the Loess Hilly-gully Region: A Case Study of Kanggou Watershed |
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| DANG Lijuan,XU Yong,XU Xuexuan.Responses of the Surface Water and Groundwater to Precipitation in the Loess Hilly-gully Region: A Case Study of Kanggou Watershed[J].Progress in Geography,2011,30(1):87-94. | |
| Authors: | DANG Lijuan XU Yong XU Xuexuan |
| Institution: | 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3. Institute of Soil andWater Conservation, CAS, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China |
| Abstract: | The construction of eco-system in the loess hilly-gully region which was based on de-farming and afforestation policy has made remarkable improvement in the past decade. To probe into the relationship between precipitation and surface water and groundwater since the de-farming and afforestation policy was implemented, taking the Kanggou watershed in Yanan as an example, based on the daily meteorology data from Yan'an station during 1997-2006, and the actual measured data of runoff, spring flow, well level, landforms and land-use, this study was conducted by correlation analysis and GIS spatial analysis. This paper analysed the spatio-temporal variation of precipitation, surface water and groundwater in Kanggou watershed, explored the relationship between precipitation and surface runoff, and groundwater runoff, and revealed different responses to the precipitation of the surface water and the groundwater. Results are as follows: (1) There is a close connection between runoff and precipitation. The largest surface runoff occurs in the wet season with the peak precipitation. The distribution of precipitation and the surface water is basically consistent all the year. The runoff concentrates in May to September, accounting for 66.83% of the total annual runoff. The surface runoff forms a curve with peak and valley in turns, having a single peak with limited precipitation and double peaks with abundant precipitation. (2) There is a clear difference of surface runoff between morning and afternoon in the same day, and the difference between noon and afternoon is small. The average difference of surface runoff is 21.16 m3/d. The annual surface runoff varies significantly. One of the possible reasons is the difference of the wet year, normal year and dry year caused by the recharge of precipitation, and the other reason is the effects of eco-environment management in recent years. (3) The amount and the seasonal distribution of the precipitation directly affect the springs and wells, and wells are more sensible than springs under the same conditions. The response time of the wells to rainfall recharge is as long as 22 to 30 days, and the response time of springs is only 7 to 10 days. The reason is that groundwater runoff flow in rock gaps and soils is very slow. Also, the groundwater system contains giant storage vacuum, which makes permeation and discharge become limited. So the system relies on the concentrated or discontinuous recharge by precipitation as the only source of the storage, and then recharges to the other aquifers when seasons change. |
| Keywords: | precipitation surface runoff spring flow well Kanggou watershed loess hilly region |
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