Bioaccumulation of organochlorinated contaminants in three estuarine fish species (Mullus barbatus,Mugil cephalus and Dicentrarcus labrax) |
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| Institution: | 1. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Namibia, Hentiesbay, Namibia;2. Department of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa;1. IPMA Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho,6 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal;2. CIIMAR Marine and Environmental Research Center, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal;3. IMAR/DOP — Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, 9901-862 Horta, Azores, Portugal;4. MARE Marine and Environmental Science Center, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Azores, Portugal;1. NutriFOODchem Unit, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality (Partner in Food2Know), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;2. Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality (Partner in Food2Know), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;1. IRSTEA,17 avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, 35044, Rennes Cedex, France;2. IRCCyN, CNRS, BP 92101 – 1 rue de la Noë – 44321 Nantes Cedex 3, France |
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| Abstract: | The bioaccumulation of organochlorinated contaminants (DDTs, PCBs and HCB) in three representative fish species from the Ebro Delta (western Mediterranean) was studied. The species, red mullet (Mullus barbatus), sea mullet (Mugil cephalus) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), were selected for their characteristic habitats and feeding behaviours to investigate their potential as bioindicators in pollution monitoring studies. Higher levels of PCBs and DDTs were generally found in red mullet and could be related to the higher lipid content of this species. Red mullet and sea bass exhibited a similar distribution pattern of these pollutants, whereas DDTs and HCB (hexaclorobenzene) were relatively more abundant in sea mullet, probably as a result of a direct uptake from the water lagoons from where the latter were collected and where these pollutants have been found in higher concentrations. A decrease in concentrations with size (age) was generally observed in red mullet and sea bass, though less clearly in sea mullet. This decrease was more pronounced for DDTs, probably owing to metabolic transformations. However, when data were normalized to lipid content, evidence for a positive uptake by sea mullet was obtained, probably relating to the larger growth rate of this species. These results indicate that the accumulation of organochlorine compounds in coastal fish from the same area depends on lipid content, habitat, dietary intake, growth rate and the metabolism of each species. Although these fish can be used for pollution monitoring, the subsequent variability of pollutant body burdens that are influenced by these factors precludes the extrapolation of data from one species to another. |
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