First Investigation of Microbial Community Composition in the Bridge (Gadeok Channel) between the Jinhae-Masan Bay and the South Sea of Korea |
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| Authors: | Jiyoung Lee Jae-Hyun Lim Junhyung Park Seok-Hyun Youn Hyun-Ju Oh Ju-Hyoung Kim Myung Kyum Kim Hyeyoun Cho Joo-Eun Yoon Soyeon Kim Kesavan Markkandan Ki-Tae Park Il-Nam Kim |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Marine Science,Incheon National University,Incheon,Korea;2.Research Institute of Basic Sciences,Incheon National University,Incheon,Korea;3.Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center,National Institute of Fisheries Science,Busan,Korea;4.3BIGS,Hwaseong,Korea;5.Oceanic Climate & Ecology Research Division,National Institute of Fisheries Science,Busan,Korea;6.Faculty of Marine Applied Biosciences,Kunsan National University,Gunsan,Korea;7.Department of Bio and Environmental Technology, College of Natural Science,Seoul Women’s University,Seoul,Korea;8.Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering,Hanyang University,Ansan,Korea;9.TheragenEtex CO.,Suwon,Korea;10.Division of Polar Climate Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute,KIOST,Incheon,Korea |
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| Abstract: | Microbial community composition varies based on seasonal dynamics (summer: strongly stratified water column; autumn: weakly stratified water column; winter: vertically homogeneous water column) and vertical distributions (surface, middle, and bottom depths) in the Gadeok Channel, which is the primary passage to exchange waters and materials between the Jinhae-Masan Bay and the South Sea waters. The microbial community composition was analyzed from June to December 2016 using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The community was dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria (45%), Bacteroidetes (18%), Cyanobacteria (15%), Verrucomicrobia (6%), and Actinobacteria (6%). Alphaproteobacteria (29%) was the most abundant microbial class, followed by Flavobacteria (15%) and Gammaproteobacteria (15%) in all samples. The composition of the microbial communities was found to vary vertically and seasonally. The orders Flavobacteriales and Stramenopiles showed opposing seasonal patterns; Flavobacteriales was more abundant in August and December while Stramenopiles showed high abundance in June and October at all depths. The genus Synechococcus reached extremely high abundance (14%) in the June surface water column, but was much less abundant in December water columns. Clustering analysis showed that there was a difference in the microbial community composition pattern between the strongly stratified season and well-mixed season. These results indicate that the seasonal dynamics of physicochemical and hydrologic conditions throughout the water column are important parameters in shaping the microbial community composition in the Gadeok Channel. |
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