Response of xenotime to prograde metamorphism |
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| Authors: | Birger Rasmussen Ian R Fletcher Janet R Muhling |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Applied Geology, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia;(2) Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Xenotime is a widespread accessory mineral in lower greenschist to upper amphibolite facies metasedimentary rocks from the
Palaeoproterozoic Mount Barren Group, southwestern Australia. Xenotime is closely associated with detrital zircon, commonly
forming syntaxial outgrowths, in samples of sandstone, micaceous quartzite, slate, phyllite, garnet-bearing semi-pelites,
and in kyanite-, garnet-, and staurolite-bearing mica schists. In situ geochronology of xenotime from lower greenschist sandstones
has previously yielded multiple U–Pb ages with peaks at ~2.0, ~1.7, and ~1.65 Ga, interpreted to represent the age of detritus,
early diagenesis, and a later thermal event, respectively. New U–Pb dating of xenotime in slate yields a major population
at ~1.7 Ga with a minor population at ~1.2 Ga, reflecting diagenetic and metamorphic growth, respectively, whereas xenotime
in phyllite forms a minor age population at ~1.7 Ga and a main peak at ~1.2 Ga. Mid-greenschist facies semi-pelitic schists
(quartz-muscovite-garnet) contain xenotime that formed before 1.8 Ga and at 1.2 Ga, representing detrital and peak metamorphic
ages, respectively. Xenotime in samples of amphibolite facies schist (650°C and ~8 kbars) yields U–Pb ages of ~1.2 Ga, coinciding
with the time of peak metamorphism. A single analysis of a xenotime core from an amphibolite facies schist gave an age of
~1.8 Ga, consistent with the presence of detrital xenotime. Our results suggest that detrital xenotime may be preserved under
greenschist facies conditions, but is largely replaced during upper amphibolite facies conditions. Detrital xenotime is replaced
through dissolution–reprecipitation reactions forming compositionally distinct rims during greenschist and amphibolite facies
metamorphism at 1.2 Ga. Diagenetic xenotime is present in lower greenschist facies samples, but was not observed in metasedimentary
rocks that had experienced temperatures above mid-greenschist facies metamorphism (450°C). The apparent disappearance of detrital
and diagenetic xenotime and appearance of metamorphic xenotime during prograde metamorphism indicates that some of the yttrium,
heavy rare earth elements, and phosphorus needed for metamorphic xenotime growth are probably derived from the replacement
of detrital and diagenetic xenotime. |
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