Multi-frequency Electromagnetic Induction Survey for Archaeological Prospection: Approach and Results in Han Hangu Pass and Xishan Yang in China |
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| Authors: | Panpan Tang Fulong Chen Aihui Jiang Wei Zhou Hongchao Wang Giovanni Leucci Lara de Giorgi Maria Sileo Rupeng Luo Rosa Lasaponara Nicola Masini |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China;2.International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage Under the Auspices of UNESCO,Beijing,China;3.Institute of Conservation and Management of Xin’an Hangu Pass (Han Dynasty), Cultural Relic Bureau of Xin’an County,Luoyang,China;4.Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage,National Research Council (CNR),Lecce,Italy;5.Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage,National Research Council (CNR),Tito Scalo,Italy;6.Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou,China;7.Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis,National Research Council (CNR),Tito Scalo,Italy |
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| Abstract: | This study presents the potential of multi-frequency electromagnetic induction (EMI) in archaeology. EMI is currently less employed for archaeological prospection with respect to other geophysical techniques. It is capable of identifying shallow subsurface relics by simultaneously measuring the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) and apparent magnetic susceptibility (MSa). Moreover, frequency sounding is able to quantify the depths and vertical shapes of buried structures. In this study, EMI surveys with five frequencies were performed at two heritage sites with different geological conditions: Han Hangu Pass characterized by cinnamon soil and Xishan Yang by sandy loams. In the first site, high ECa values were observed with variations in depth correlated to archaeological remains. Moreover, electromagnetic anomalies related to an ancient road and five kiln caves were identified. In the second site, an ancient tomb, indicating extremely low ECa and high MSa, was discovered. Its electromagnetic properties are attributed to the cavity and ferroferric oxides. |
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