An extension to the DRASTIC model to assess groundwater vulnerability to pollution: application to the Haouz aquifer of Marrakech (Morocco) |
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| Authors: | Mohamed Sinan Moumtaz Razack |
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| Institution: | (1) Département Hydraulique, Ecole Hassania des Travaux Publics, Route d’El Jadida, Casablanca, Morocco;(2) Department of Hydrogeology, UMR 6532, University of Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France |
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| Abstract: | An extension to the DRASTIC model is proposed in order to assess aquifer vulnerability to pollution. In contrast to the DRASTIC
model, which considers the unsaturated and saturated zones together and computes a global intrinsic vulnerability index, the
suggested approach discriminates between the aquifer vertical vulnerability (a concept related to the pollutant percolation)
and the groundwater susceptibility (a concept that depends on the behaviour and uses of the groundwater). This approach is
applied to the Haouz aquifer (Morocco) that supplies water to the Marrakech area. This aquifer is widely overexploited and
there is evidence that the groundwater quality is threatened by various sources of pollution. Evaluation of the vertical vulnerability
indicates that the aquifer mainly presents a moderate-to-weak vertical vulnerability. The zones potentially most favourable
to pollutant percolation are mainly located in Central Haouz, along or near the surface wadis. The aquifer susceptibility
is high in places located near the N’Fis, Baaja and Issil wadis. Everywhere else, low-to-moderate susceptibility is observed.
This new approach therefore enables areas of vertical vulnerability and areas of susceptibility to be delineated separately.
As a result, it constitutes a valuable decision-making tool for optimising the management of aquifer water resources and land-use
planning. |
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| Keywords: | Groundwater vulnerability Indexing method DRASTIC Haouz aquifer Morocco |
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