| 台湾海峡表层月平均流速与两岸月平均水位差的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 管秉贤.台湾海峡表层月平均流速与两岸月平均水位差的关系[J].海洋科学集刊,1980(16):1-12. |
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| 作者姓名： | 管秉贤 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院海洋研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第443号 |
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| 摘 要： | 海洋中大多数区域的海流，特别是流速较强的海流，其性质以地转流为主。所以，海流流速流向的变化与海面的横流坡度，亦即横流两侧的水位差有着密切的关系。
一百多年前，Peslin(1872)首先将地转方程应用于墨西哥湾流上。后来，Dietrich(1946)引用丹麦灯船上所进行的海流观测结果和卡特加特海峡两侧岛上的水位观测结果，证实了地转方程的实用意义。
到目前为止，已有许多作者应用流速和横流水位差的这一关系，探讨了世界大洋和海峡等处海流的变动规律。例如，Montgomery(1938,1941)，Hela(1952)，Stommel(1953)及Wunsch等(1969)讨论了佛罗里达海流和湾流的季节变化与水位的关系；森安茂松(Moriyasu, 1961)和二谷颖男(1973)等讨论了水位与黑潮海况以及流速流量的关系；Wyrtki(1973, 1974a, 1974b)研究了西太平洋赤道流、赤道逆流流速流量的季节变化和海流两侧岛屿的水位差的关系。还有Sok-U Yi(1970)研究了朝鲜海峡中水位与对马暖流表层流速季节变化的关系；ΓaлepKИЧ等(1962)也曾讨论了爪哇海水位与流速的关系。
关于我国的台湾海峡，Wyrtki(1957,1961) 曾给出了台湾海峡表层流速的季节变化曲线，并将流速与高雄-澳门断面的水位差作了比较，绘制了两者的相关图。
现在，几乎普遍地认为：沿岸和岛屿上所进行的水位观测，可为研究海流变动规律提供方便、准确和连续的资料，是监视海流变动最合适的途径之一。
本文应用手头所有的资料，一方面从多年平均情况来讨论台湾海峡表层月平均流速与两岸月平均水位差的关系；另一方面以各年各月情况为例，来分析两岸水位差与海峡西岸水位的关系，供研究台湾海峡海流趋势预报方法时参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 台湾海峡 平均流速 平均水位差 |
THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE MONTHLY AVERAGE SURFACE CURRENTS IN THE TAIWAN STRAIT AND THE MONTHLY MEAN SEA LEVEL DIFFERENCES ACROSS IT |
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| Kwan Ping-hsien.THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE MONTHLY AVERAGE SURFACE CURRENTS IN THE TAIWAN STRAIT AND THE MONTHLY MEAN SEA LEVEL DIFFERENCES ACROSS IT[J].Studia Marina Sinica,1980(16):1-12. |
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| Authors: | Kwan Ping-hsien |
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| Institution: | Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica |
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| Abstract: | The Taiwan Strait is a very important sea region for ship-sailing and fishery activities, but the current data in the Strait are very scant up to now.
In this paper, based on the historical data at hand, the co-relative relations between the monthly average surface currents in the Strait and the monthly M. S. L. differences across the Strait, the monthly M. S. L. differences across the Strait and the monthly M. S. L. at the western coast were analysed. The resu1ts show that a positive co-relative relation of sufficient significance exists between the former two sets data, and while a negative co-relative relation of relative significance exists between the latter two sets data. Therefore, it is possible to forecast the tendency of variations of the monthly average surface current in the Strait according to the monthly M. S. L. at the western coast (for example, Amoy).
These empirical relations may be useful for the study of the tendency-forecast of the current in the Strait. |
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